Due to strong light scattering in tissue, both the spatial resolution and maximum penetration depth of optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) deteriorate sharply with depth. To reduce tissue scattering, we propose to use glycerol as an optical clearing agent in OR-PAM. Our results show that the imaging performance of OR-PAM can be greatly enhanced by optical clearing both in vitro...

Tissue optical clearing technique provides a prospective solution for the application of advanced optical methods in life sciences. This paper gives a review of recent developments in tissue optical clearing techniques. The physical, molecular and physiological mechanisms of tissue optical clearing are overviewed and discussed. Various methods for enhancing penetration of optical-clearing agent...

A f r a m e w o r k f o r m o d e l i n g a n d r e c o g n i t i o n o f t e m p o r a l a c t i v i t i e s is proposed . T h e m o d e l i n g o f s e t s o f e x e m p l a r a c t i v i t i e s is ach ieved by p a r a m e t e r i z i n g t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t i o n in t h e f o r m o f p r i n c i p a l c o m p o n e n t s . R e c o g n i t i o n o f s p a t i o t e m p o r a l v ...

Tissue clearing technology is currently one of the fastest growing fields in biomedical sciences. Tissue clearing techniques have become a powerful approach to understand further the structural information of intact biological tissues. Moreover, technological improvements in tissue clearing and optics allowed the visualization of neural network in the whole brain tissue with subcellular resolut...

This study tests four hypotheses related to forest clearing over time in Ecuador's northern Amazon: (1) a larger increase in population over time on a farm (finca) leads to more deforestation; (2) rates of forest clearing surrounding four primary reference communities differ (spatial heterogeneity); (3) fincas farther from towns/communities experience lower rates of forest clearing over time; a...

Forest cover is an important input variable for assessing changes to carbon stocks, climate and hydrological systems, biodiversity richness, and other sustainability science disciplines. Despite incremental improvements in our ability to quantify rates of forest clearing, there is still no definitive understanding on global trends. Without timely and accurate forest monitoring methods, policy r...

We provide a model for a futures clearinghouse to use for setting optimal levels of clearing margin, capital and price limits, which minimizes the costs to clearing firms and simultaneously protects the clearinghouse from default by clearing firms. We show how to estimate the capital requirement, which supports the clearinghouse s residual default risk that is not covered by the clearing margin...