introduction pulmonary vein stenosis includes narrowing of one or more pulmonary veins that may have congenital or acquired causes. congenital pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare condition and also a rare cause for pulmonary hypertension. since identifying the etiology of pulmonary hypertension plays a crucial role in medical and surgical planning, we decided to introduce a rare case of pulmonary...

Chronic venous disease encompasses a spectrum of disorders caused by an abnormal venous system. They include chronic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, lipodermatosclerosis, postthrombotic syndrome, and venous ulceration. Some evidence suggests a genetic predisposition to chronic venous disease from gene polymorphisms associated mainly with vein wall remodeling. The literature exploring thes...

conclusions since parents’ behaviors affect their children, it is advisable to implement effective interventional programs to increase parents’ awareness about smoking and its harmful environmental effects. results results of the study showed that 76.4% of children knew what a cigarette is; 41.2% had talked about smoking with their parents; 1.4% had asked to buy one due to the attractive appear...

celiac disease has protean manifestations. in this report, a 24 year-old young female with celiac disease and acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (dvt) is presented. the patient was a 24 year-old female who presented with long standing diarrhea, 8 kg weight loss in the recent month, lower extremity edema, petechiae and purpura. laboratory exam demonstrated very high titers of iga antie...

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is the blockage or narrowing of the portal vein by a thrombus. It is relatively rare and has been linked with the presence of an underlying liver disease or prothrombotic disorders. We present a case of a young male who presented with vague abdominal symptoms for approximately one week. Imaging revealed the presence of multiple nonocclusive thrombi involving the rig...

although the etiology of varicose veins remains unknown, recent studies have focused on endothelial cell integrity and function because the endothelium regulates vessel tone and synthesizes many pro- and anti-inflammatory factors. the aim of this study was to investigate the evidence involving the endothelium in the development of varicose vein disease. in addition, tissue remodeling was invest...

Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for chronic kidney disease and has been shown to have better outcomes than dialysis in multiple studies.1 In the standard procedure, the donor renal artery and vein are anastomosed to the external iliac vessels of the recipient. In cases of an unusable vein, such as thrombosis of the iliac vein or inferior vena cava (IVC), renal transplantation b...

Over a seven year period from 1982 to 1989,3337 conduits were created in 3137 patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) as access for chronic dialysis. These included 2690 side-to-side arteriovenous fistulae (A VF), 168 end-to-side A VFs, 10 autogenous vein grafts, 51 homogenous frozen vein grafts, 109 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts, 209 emergency external arteriovenous shunts, t...

BACKGROUND Superior mesenteric vein stenosis as a consequence of mesenteric fibrosis, causing the development of small bowel varices, is an unrecognised association of Crohn's disease. CASE REPORTS Two cases of gastrointestinal bleeding occurring in patients with Crohn's disease, and a third case, presenting with pain and diarrhoea, are described. In all three patients, visceral angiography s...

background and objective: non-specific granulomatous prostatitis is an uncommon diffuse inflammatory condition of the prostate. it is important because it may be mistaken for prostatic carcinoma. the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of non-specific granulomatous prostatitis (nsgp) and comparing the results of transrectal ultrasonography, serum prostate specific antigen (psa) and...