The crystal structure of the title compound, [Cd(2)Cl(2)(C(2)H(8)N(2))(4)]Cl(2), consists of binuclear centrosymmetric [Cd(2)(C(2)H(8)N(2))(4)Cl(2)](2+) cations and discrete chloride anions. The Cd(II) cation is coordinated by four N atoms of two ethyl-enediamine ligands and two symmetry-related chloride anions within a distorted CdN(4)Cl(2) octa-hedron. Two Cd(II) cations are connected by two ...

A quantitative analysis of the Cl- dependence of growth of Halobacillus halophilus was performed. Optimal growth rates were obtained at Cl- concentrations of between 0.5 and 2.0 M, and the final yield was also strictly dependent on the Cl- concentration. Br- but not I-, SO42-, NO2-, SO2-, OCN-, SCN-, BO2-, or BrO3- could substitute for Cl-. To analyze the function of chloride, chloride concentr...

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury and hyperchloremia are commonly present in critically ill septic patients. Our study goal was to evaluate the association of hyperchloremia and acute kidney injury in severe sepsis and septic shock patients. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study in a provincial tertiary care hospital, adult patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and serum chloride meas...

Rotavirus is a major cause of infantile gastroenteritis worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying fluid and electrolyte secretion associated with diarrhea remain largely unknown. We investigated the hypothesis that loss of Cl(-) into the luminal contents during rotavirus infection may be caused by a dysfunction in the chloride absorptive capacity across the intestinal brush-border membrane ...

Many environmental organic chemicals have chloride in their structure. Thus, researching the chlorination mechanism of carbon is of interest. Dioxins are typically concentrated in fly ash collected from the post-combustion zone during the operation of municipal solid waste incinerators. In this study, we report the application of Cl-K near-edge X-ray-absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) in determ...

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(9)H(20)NO(+)·Cl(-)·0.33(H(3)O(+)·Cl(-)), is composed of 4-hydr-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-piperidinium cations, hydroxonium cations and chloride anions, which are connected via O-H⋯O, O-H⋯Cl and N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding. The 4-hydr-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-piperidinium cation and one of the two crystallographically independent chloride anions are loca...

The family of chloride channel proteins that mediate Cl(-) transportation play vital roles in plant nutrient supply, cellular action potential and turgor pressure adjustment, stomatal movement, hormone signal recognition and transduction, Cl(-) homeostasis, and abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. The anionic toxicity, mainly caused by chloride ions (Cl(-)), on plants under salt stress remains ...

This study aimed to investigate the chloride-binding capacity of alkali-activated fly ash (denoted as FSW) and slag (denoted as SSW) samples and their synthesized Cl-bearing phases, which are capable of binding and immobilizing chloride when seawater is used as the mixing water. This study also examined the progressive changes in the pore structures of the FSW and SSW samples over time. The res...

During perfusion of a plasma-like solution, colonic absorption rate of chloride was much higher than the secretion rate of bicarbonate (34 vs. 3.5 meq/h, respectively). This might suggest that anion exchange (Cl/HCO3) accounts for only a small fraction of total chloride absorption. However, if the colon absorbs as well as secretes bicarbonate, this reasoning would underestimate the magnitude of...

Natural inputs of chlorine (Cl) to soils come mainly from rainwater, sea spray, dust and air pollution. In addition, human practices, such as irrigation and fertilization, contribute significantly to Cl deposition. In the soil solution, Cl occurs predominantly as the chloride anion (Cl~). The Cl~ anion does not form complexes readily, and shows little affinity (or specificity) in its adsorption...