The effect of Tylenchorhynchus nudus on growth of Kentucky bluegrass was investigated under controlled environmental conditions in both a phytotron and a greenhouse. The nematode significantly reduced weights of clippings, crowns and roots. Pathogenicity was greater in sandy loam soil than in loam and was enhanced by submitting plants to nutrient and/or moisture stresses; soil nutrient level wa...

Sipunculus nudus, the peanut worm, is the best known species in its genus. This unsegmented subtidal marine worm is consumed in some parts of Asia and is also used as fish bait. We found 20 microsatellite DNA markers for S. nudus. The number of alleles per polymorphic locus ranged from two to seven in a sample of 39 individuals. Observed and expected heterozygosities per polymorphic locus...

MicroRNAs are regulators in regulation of broad range of phenotypes. The purple urchin, Strongylocentrotus nudus, is one of the most important marine economic animals that widely distributed in the cold seas along the coasts of eastern pacific area. To date, only 45 microRNAs have been identified in a related species, Strongylocentrotus purpurtus, and there is no report on S. nudus microRNAs. H...

The genera Eumerus and Merodon (Diptera: Syrphidae) have a high taxonomic diversity (300+ species altogether), but life histories of most species are unknown. In addition, these hoverfly genera are recognised to be pests (ornamental plants and vegetable crops). In this paper, early stages of four hoverfly species are described, Eumerus hungaricus Szilády, 1940, Eumerus nudus Loew, 1848 and Mero...

The sea urchin, Mesocentrotus nudus, is widely distributed in North West Pacific regions. It has a substantial impact on macroalgal communities as generalist herbivore. This study examined various aspects of its feeding ecology, including algal preference, foraging behaviors, and possible effects past history preference. We used six common species (Ulva australis, Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum...

Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii, causal agent of the Douglas-fir foliar disease Swiss needle cast, is the only known pathogenic species of the genus. Current classifications place Phaeocryptopus in the Venturiaceae (Pleosporales), typified by the apple-scab pathogen Venturia inaequalis. All core members of this family have hyphomycetous anamorphs. We sought to confirm these relationships by means of ...