BACKGROUND Renal malformations including vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) are associated with urolithiasis. However, studies on urinary calcium excretion in children with VUR have not been reported. This study was conducted to find out whether children with VUR have a higher prevalence of hypercalciuria and whether their family members are affected by hypercalciuria and/or urolithiasis. METHODS W...

318 Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases | Volume 6 | Number 4 | July 2012 kidney calculi, the clinical features and risk factors of urolithiasis were evaluated.1 They concluded that urolithiasis remains a serious problem in Iranian children. In addition, family history of urolithiasis, urologic abnormalities, metabolic disorders, and urinary tract infections were associated risk factors for pedi...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Pediatric patients who are fed primarily via gastrostomy tube (G-tube) may be at increased risk for urolithiasis, but no studies have specifically examined risk factors for stones in this population. We aimed to determine clinical differences between G-tube fed (GTF) patients with and without stones, in hopes of identifying modifiable factors associated with increased r...

Young Aboriginal children in remote regions of tropical and desert Australia are at risk of developing urate stones in their upper urinary tract from an early age. These radiolucent calculi were only recognized with the availability of ultrasound diagnosis and are not associated with anatomic anomalies or abnormal uric acid production/metabolism. Although these stones appear to resolve spontane...

Objectives. Considering the differences in location, socioeconomic background, and cultural background, the aim of this study was to try to identify possible factors associated with the increased incidence of urolithiasis by comparing American and Brazilian children with stones. Methods. Data of 222 American and 190 Brazilian children with urolithiasis were reviewed including age, gender, body ...

background: potassium citrate (k‑cit) is one of the medications widely used in patients with urolithiasis. however, in some cases with calcium oxalate (caox) urolithiasis, the significant response to alkaline therapy with k‑cit alone does not occur. there is scarce published data on the effect of magnesium chloride (mg‑cl2) on urolithiasis in pediatric patients. this study aimed to evaluate the...

BACKGROUND Since the outbreak of renal diseases among children who had consumed melamine-tainted powdered formula in 2008, urinary system ultrasound examination was carried out for these children at our hospital. This study aimed to investigate the ultrasonographic characteristics of urolithiasis caused by melamine-tainted powdered formula. METHODS From September 12 to October 9, 2008, urinar...

In general, the criteria for the treatment of urolithiasis in children are the same as those for adults. Today, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is the method of choice in the treatment of most pediatric urinary stones. Stone-free rates between 67% and 93% at short-term follow-up, and 57% to 92% at long-term follow-up, have proven the efficacy of ESWL treatment in children. Neverthe...