Under double-blind protocol, a controlled comparison was made between a new cephalosporin, cephacetrile, and cephalothin or cephaloridine. The patient's primary physician determined the indications for treatment, and the dosage was uniform for each route of administration. Infecting strains of staphylococci and Proteus mirabilis had a lower median inhibitory concentration for cephalothin than c...

The effectiveness of cefazolin in Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis has been questioned because of in vitro inactivation by staphylococcal beta-lactamase. Cefazolin, although inactivated in vitro by S. aureus beta-lactamase, was as effective as cephalothin in the treatment of left-sided S. aureus endocarditis in rabbits. Cefazolin (20 mg/kg every 6 or 8 h), cephalothin (40 mg/kg every 6 h), an...

A multicentre, comparative, randomized study was performed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of two antibiotic regimens in the treatment of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients: teicoplanin plus tobramycin versus cephalothin plus tobramycin. After informed consent had been obtained, 68 patients were randomized prospectively to receive either teicoplani...

Nine mongrel dogs were studied to evaluate the excretion of cefamandole (five dogs) and cephalothin (four dogs) in the pancreatic fluid. Each dog was studied before and after the induction of pancreatitis, with 2 weeks between studies. After intravenous administration of a 25-mg/kg dose of either cephalosporin, serum and pancreatic fluid concentrations were monitored for 6 h. Both cephalothin a...

OBJECTIVE Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) are the most common causative agents in neonatal nosocomial septicemia. Because of widespread methicillin resistance among CONS, empiric therapy with vancomycin is recommended as the primary antibiotic regimen for these infections. In our unit, empiric treatment of nosocomially acquired septicemia consists of cephalothin and gentamicin, which ar...

An experimental local infection system has been developed in which exudates are induced with croton oil in granuloma pouches of rats. This system provided a suitable model for the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of two antibiotics, cefazolin and cephalothin. Exudate levels of cefazolin were found to be higher than those of cephalothin, and these levels correlated with the higher serum leve...

We compared the safety and efficacy of a six-dose regimen of cephalothin with a two-dose regimen of ceforanide for the prevention of infection after elective vaginal hysterectomy. A total of 150 patients were randomly assigned to either regimen. The overall incidence of documented pelvic infection was 5.3% and did not differ significantly between the prophylaxis groups when stratified by type o...

The resistance of Escherichia coli to cephalothin was found to be overestimated when the Phoenix automated susceptibility system was used to determine resistance compared to reference broth microdilution, a finding that jeopardized the use of cephalexin for first-line treatment of urinary tract infections in children. In addition, using broth microdilution, we studied the accuracy of either cep...

In a single-blinded study, two groups of 10 healthy subjects were given cephapirin or cephalothin by continuous intravenous infusion for 5 days, 0.5 g every 6 hr for the first day and then 1.0 g every 6 hr for 4 days. Eight of the cephalothin subjects and two of the cephapirin subjects developed phlebitis. Phlebitis was more severe in the cephalothin group and developed more rapidly, necessitat...

One hundred strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis were tested by the double-disk agar diffusion method for their susceptibility to cephalothin, to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and to combinations of these drugs. Forty-five strains showed a bridging inhibition zone between the two disks, suggesting a synergistic effect of the combination of cephalothin plus sulfamethoxozole-trimethoprim agains...