primary angiitis of the central nervous system (pacns) is an idiopathic disorder (vasculitis) restricted to the central nervous system (cns). it often presents with focal neurological deficits suggesting stroke or a combination of confusion and headache. we herein report three cases with various combinations of fever, partial seizure, encephalopathy, paresis, headache and ataxia. one of them wa...

depression is a mental disorder that results from changes in the central nervous system (cns) that may result from immunological abnormalities. according to the world health organization, major depression will become the leading cause of disability worldwide. accumulating evidence has indicated the existence of reciprocal communication pathways between nervous, endocrine and immune systems. the...

abstract objective the great majority of patients with childhood leukemia become long-term survivors. they treated with chemotherapy and prophylactic central nervous system (cns) irradiation. the aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate effect of the long-term toxicity in all survivors, and possible effects of this treatment on their intellectual in compare with their sibling. material...

amitraz is a triazapentadiene, an α2 adrenergic agonist and a member of the amidine chemical family. a limited number of human intoxication cases have been published in the literature. lack of a clear and specific protocol for the therapy of amitraz intoxication may make its successfully managed case reports useful and valuable for other clinical practitioners in poisoning departments. the case...

fructose consumption has increased dramatically in the last 40 years, and its role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome has been implicated by many studies. it is most often encountered in the diet as sucrose (glucose and fructose) or high-fructose corn syrup (55% fructose). at high levels, dietary exposure to fructose triggers a series of metabolic changes originating in the liver, le...

neuroinflammation as a protective mechanism for repairing tissue damage in the central nervous system (cns), has been classified into two types: acute and chronic. it is characterized by the activation of microglia and astrocytes and the increase levels of different chemokines and cytokines. neuroinflammation can be harmful, and it is a common pathological feature in neurodegenerative and psych...

brucellosis is an infectious disease with high incidence in iran. neurobrucellosis is a focal complication of brucellosis affecting both central and peripheral nervous system presenting with a varieties of signs and symptoms. the most reported manifestations are meningitis and meningoencephalitis. in this report, we will describe a case of a young woman affected by neurobrucellosis presenting w...