along with breakdown of soviet :union:, political geographical system as well as meaning construction of central asia and caucasus changed dramatically. thus new structure, necessities, and actors have emerged in relations between iran and countries locating in caucasus. one of these countries is azerbaijan. iran-azerbaijan relationship is of high significance from different aspects. after azer...

India has traditionally attached great importance to its relations with Central Asia. But, unfortunately, the relationship faces several constraints including the lack of direct access to Central Asia; the unstable situation in Afghanistan and a problematic IndiaPakistan relation. India and Central Asia: Need for a Pro-active Approach Arvind Gupta Dr Arvind Gupta is Director General at the Inst...

New archaeological evidences of the so-called "Bactrian-Margiana Archaeological Complex" (= BMAC) has invited a change in our knowledge of the cultural relations between Oxus civilization and south-eastern Iran during the III-II millennium B.C. transition period. The new archaeological projects in southern and western Turkmenistan, as well as attested at Gonur Depe, have showed a wider and more...

collapse of the soviet :union: is considered as the most significant development happened in the last decades of the previous century. transformation of power relations and balance of forces at regional level as well as activation of transregional and particularly regional powers to maintain their presence and extend their influence over southern soviet :union: could be mentioned as consequence...

In this chapter, I explore the impact of the post-Soviet political and socioeconomic transitions on women in the former Soviet republics of Central Asia and the Caucasus. I review the impact of Soviet policies on gender roles and relations in order to contextualize post-Soviet developments. The central segment, which examines gender roles and relations after socialism, is divided into two secti...

following the collapse of the soviet :union: and independence of former soviet :union:republics, previous economic relations among centralasianrepublics changed and were replaced with the market economy. tensions have emerged between upstream and downstream countries located along transboundary rivers with downstream countries even resorting to threat of military action against possible restric...