to evaluate corneal endothelial cell changes after intravitreal and subconjunctival injection of avastin (bevacizumab) based on specular microscopic findings.  this prospective interventional study was performed on 82 eyes of 82 patients. forty-two cases with ptrygia received a subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab (2.5mg/0.2ml) and 40 diabetic subjects with retinal neovascularization or mac...

Recombinant adenoviruses (Ad) are among the most extensively used vectors for liver gene transfer. One of the major limitations for the clinical application of these vectors is the inflammatory immune response associated with systemic administration of high dose of virus. We evaluated the effect of Ad administration route on the inflammatory immune response and liver transgene expression. We co...

BACKGROUND The injection of stem cells in the context of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been tested almost exclusively by anterograde intra-arterial coronary (IAC) delivery. The retrograde intravenous coronary (IVC) delivery may be an additional route. OBJECTIVE To compare the cell distribution and retention pattern in the anterograde and retrograde routes. To investigate the role of m...

Bortezomib (Velcade) is approved by the FDA for IV or SC injection in select patients with multiple myeloma or mantle cell lymphoma. The SC route functions as an alternative to IV administration for patients with poor IV access. Learn about effective strategies used to reduce injection site reactions that can occur with SC delivery.

PURPOSE The success of immunotherapy with dendritic cells (DC) to treat cancer is dependent on effective migration to the lymph nodes and subsequent activation of antigen-specific T cells. In this study, we investigated the fate of DC after intradermal (i.d.) or intranodal (i.n.) administration and the consequences for the immune activating potential of DC vaccines in melanoma patients. EXPER...

The first clinical trials of stem cell (SC) treatment for cardiac disease in humans, using autologous bone marrow cell transplantation in patients with severe chronic heart failure (HF), were reported in 2002 (using the intracoronary injection route) and in 2003 (using the intramyocardial injection route). Since those initial reports, numerous additional clinical SC trials have been conducted i...

in order to present a new and high performance structure of pem fuel cell and study the influence of the flow direction and distribution on the rate of reactants diffusion, three novel models of vertical reactant flow injection into the anode and cathode reaction area field have been introduced. they consist of one inlet and two inlets and also a continuous channel. the governing equations on t...

in the present work, the simultaneous effects of fuel injection rate and injection of air jet into the combustion chamber on exhaust emissions, combustion process and performance parameters in a direct injection diesel engine were investigated. in order to create an air jet, a design was presented in which a secondary chamber (air cell) was created inside the cylinder and was joined to the main...

Transplantation of both skeletal myoblasts and stem cells into the region of infarcted myocardium results in improved myocardial function in both the murine and porcine infarct models. Intravenous injection of stem cells and bone marrow stimulating cytokines also improves cardiac function (1–4). The optimal cell type and dose, delivery route, delivery catheter, and the timing of cell injection ...