Three types of cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), namely, CDT-I, CDT-II, and CDT-III, have been described in Escherichia coli. Using primers designed for the detection of sequences common to the cdtB genes, we analyzed by PCR a set of 21 CDT-producing E. coli strains of intestinal and extraintestinal origins isolated from human and different animal species in several European countries and in t...

BACKGROUND Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is a promising biomarker of alcohol abuse. We describe the development and multicenter evaluation of N Latex CDT (Dade Behring), an automated, particle-enhanced, homogeneous immunonephelometric assay for directly determining CDT. METHODS N Latex CDT uses a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the structure of transferrin glycoforms lacking 1 ...

Introduction. Cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs), encoded by cdt genes, have DNase activity leading to cellular and nuclear distension, resulting in irreversible cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of target cells. cdt-positive Escherichia coli strains have been isolated from children with diarrhoea. There is, however, scant information on the prevalence and clinical presentation of diarrhoeal dis...

BACKGROUND Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is used for diagnosis of chronic alcohol abuse. Some 200-300 reports on CDT have been published in impact factor-listed journals. The aims of this review were to condense the current knowledge and to resolve remaining issues on CDT. APPROACH The literature (1976-2000) was searched using MEDLINE and Knowledge Server with "alcohol and CDT" as ...

The cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is a well characterized bacterial genotoxin encoded by several Gram-negative bacteria, including Salmonella enterica (S. enterica). The CDT produced by Salmonella (S-CDT) differs from the CDT produced by other bacteria, as it utilizes subunits with homology to the pertussis and subtilase toxins, in place of the traditional CdtA and CdtC subunits. Previously...

Serum concentration of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is used for laboratory diagnosis of chronic alcohol abuse. Using isoelectric focusing for validation of the initial isotransferrin fractionation step involved in the determination of CDT by the CDTect assay, we found a complete in vitro iron saturation of transferrin and sufficient stability of the transferrin iron load during colu...

PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of aspiration thrombectomy (AT) in the endovascular treatment for iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) through the comparison of catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) alone group and CDT with AT group. METHODS From November 2001 to April 2011, 100 patients received endovascular treatment with CDT alone or CDT with AT for iliofemoral DV...

Generalized scalarizing problems, called GENS and GENSLex, for obtaining Pareto optimal solutions of multicriteria optimization problems are presented in the paper. The basic properties of these scalarizing problems are described. The existence of single-criterion problems with differentiable objective functions and constraints, which are equivalent to GENS and GENSLex scalarizing problems, are...