Ochsner and Dixon (1936), in a review of world literature, cited 120 cases of supenor vena caval thrombosis. Twenty-eight of these were due to chronic mediastinitis, of which eleven were stated to be due to syphilis, ten to tuberculosis, one to pyogenic infection, one to trauma, and five of unknown aetiology. Tubbs (1946) reported three further cases of superior vena caval obstruction, one of w...

The effects of water diuresis, hypotonic NaCl, and hypotonic mannitol diuresis on renal sodium and water excretion were examined in normal dogs and in dogs with chronic constriction of the thoracic inferior vena cava and ascites (caval dogs). During all three diuretic states, the capacity to excrete solute-free water relative to the supply of sodium to the water clearing segment of the nephron ...

Objective: To measure caval and pulmonary flows at rest and immediately after exercise in patients with total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). Design: An observational study using the patients as their own controls. Setting: Using a combination of magnetic resonance (MR) phase contrast techniques and an MR compatible bicycle ergometer, blood flow was measured in the superior vena cava, the tunn...

OBJECTIVE To measure caval and pulmonary flows at rest and immediately after exercise in patients with total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). DESIGN An observational study using the patients as their own controls. SETTING Using a combination of magnetic resonance (MR) phase contrast techniques and an MR compatible bicycle ergometer, blood flow was measured in the superior vena cava, the tun...

OBJECTIVE Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations can occur after the Fontan procedure and are believed to be associated with disproportionate pulmonary distribution of hepatic venous effluent. We studied the effect of total cavopulmonary connection geometry and the effect of increased cardiac output on distribution of inferior vena caval return to the lungs. METHODS Ten patients undergoing the...

Background: Spinal anesthesia has become an alternative to general anesthesia. However, spinal the most common side effects including, bradycardia and hypotension. The aim of this study was determine relationship between changes in inferior vena cava index (delta index) mean arterial pressure Methods: This observational pre-post test thirty-two patients who received (inferior collectibility cav...

Tachycardia accompanies the preload reduction. Our aim is to assess the effect of the heart rate change on wall motion in ischemic heart. In 8 dogs with occlusion of left anterior descending artery, we changed the heart rate (heart rate 90, 120, and 150 beats/minute) after using UL-FS49, a selective bradycardic agent, with atrial pacing. Preload was changed by inferior vena caval occlusion at a...

Due to the absence of a sub-pulmonary ventricle, the Fontan circulation is sensitive to respiration-induced changes in intrathoracic pressure. However, the importance of a ‘respiratory pump’ in creating forward flow remains controversial. We aimed at evaluating the effect of respiration on ventricular filling during exercise using clinical data and computational modeling predictions.Ten Fontan ...

In two patients aortic dissection occurred as a late complication of aortic valve replacement and caused superior vena caval obstruction. The dissection and superior vena caval obstruction were diagnosed by computed tomography.

A 61-year-old man presented with a right renal mass with a vena caval thrombus on computed tomography that was consistent with renal cell carcinoma. The results of routine laboratory examinations and urinalysis were within normal limits. Preoperative planning was critical owing to the presence of the vena caval thrombus. A radical nephrectomy, vena caval thrombectomy, and regional lymphadenecto...