More than 50 distinct amino acid transporter genes have been identified in the genome of Arabidopsis, indicating that transport of amino acids across membranes is a highly complex feature in plants. Based on sequence similarity, these transporters can be divided into two major superfamilies: the amino acid transporter family and the amino acid polyamine choline transporter family. Currently, ma...

Background: The molecular identity of the lysosomal transporter for cationic amino acids, system c, remains unknown. Result: SLC7A14 is a lysosomal localized protein with a functional domain that mediates arginine transport. Conclusion: SLC7A14 may mediate cationic amino acid transport across lysosomal membranes. Significance: As system c represents a salvage pathway in the therapy of cystinosi...

The administration of l-arginine hydrochloride has been used for testing pituitary secretion in humans, and as an experimental model for induction of acute pancreatitis in rats and mice. Whereas in the first case, the administration of the amino acid is associated with hiperkalemia, in the model of acute pancreatitis no data are available on possible changes in potassium homeostasis. The presen...

OBJECTIVE Human pregnancy that courses with maternal supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia (MSPH) correlates with atherosclerotic lesions in fetal arteries. It is known that hypercholesterolemia associates with endothelial dysfunction in adults, a phenomenon where nitric oxide (NO) and arginase are involved. However, nothing is reported on potential alterations in the fetoplacental endothelia...

Molecular biology entered the field of mammalian amino acid transporters in 1990-1991 with the cloning of the first GABA and cationic amino acid transporters. Since then, cDNA have been isolated for more than 20 mammalian amino acid transporters. All of them belong to four protein families. Here we describe the tissue expression, transport characteristics, structure-function relationship, and t...

Ugawa, Shinya, Yoko Sunouchi, Takashi Ueda, Eri Takahashi, Yoshitsugu Saishin, and Shoichi Shimada. Characterization of a mouse colonic system B01 amino acid transporter related to amino acid absorption in colon. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 281: G365–G370, 2001.—Previous experiments have shown that an amino acid transport system B01 transporter in cultured colonic epithelial cells m...

Increasing amino acid availability (via infusion or ingestion) at rest or postexercise enhances amino acid transport into human skeletal muscle. It is unknown whether alterations in amino acid availability, from ingesting different dietary proteins, can enhance amino acid transport rates and amino acid transporter (AAT) mRNA expression. We hypothesized that the prolonged hyperaminoacidemia from...