Direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFC), which operate on sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as the fuel, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the oxidant, are receiving increasing attention. This is due to their promising use as power sources for space and underwater applications, where air is not available and gas storage poses obvious problems. One key factor to improve the performance of DBFCs concerns the...

Attention is drawn to the fact that the non-linear electrical currentvoltage characteristic of porous track-etched poly(ethylene terephtalate) membranes, reported by Wolf, Siwy, Korchev and Spohr in Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 4 (1999) 553-565, is very similar to that observed with cross-linked polyelectrolyte gel membranes with negatively charged fixed ionic groups (cation exchange membranes). This...

The time variation in emf caused by pressure differences has been used to find transference coefficients of water as well as water permeabilities in ion exchange membranes. Previous experimental methods have been corrected and facilitated. The cation exchange membrane CR61 AZL 386 was investigated. Equilibrium solutions contained 10-4 kmol_m-3 < CKC~ < 10-1 kmol_m-3, or constant concentration o...

Within an electrodialysis unit, the solutions are separated by alternately arranged anion exchange membranes (permeable only for anions) and cation exchange membranes (permeable only for cations). The membranes are arranged parallel to one another to form an electrodialysis stack. When a potential is applied across the selectively permeable membrane stack, anions selectively move through the an...

In this study, commercially available cation- and anion-exchange membranes were investigated in hybrid liquid/gas electrolyzers by coupling situ ambient pressure hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with finite element analysis.