Qualitatively, it is known that the reactants content within the catalyst layer (CL) is the driving moments for the kinetics of reaction within the CL. This paper aimed to quantitatively express the level of enhancement in electrical power due to enrichment in the oxygen content. For a given MEA, a flow field (FF) designer is always willing to design a FF to maximize the content of oxygen in al...

The stability of polymer electrolyte fuel cells（PEFCs）during power generation is one the most important issues, especially at high current densities. A new oscillation phenomenon was observed in a PEFC with 10-straight channels operated temperature 60 ℃ and relative humidity 60% using gas diffusion layer（GDL）without micro porous layer cathode. cell voltage oscillated periodically under constant...

This work represents a step towards reliable algorithms for reconstructing micro-morphology of electrode materials of high-temperature protonexchange membrane fuel cells and for performing pore-scale simulations of fluid flow (including rarefaction effects). In particular, we developed a deterministic model for a woven gas diffusion layer (GDL) and a stochastic model for the catalyst layer (CL)...

This work represents a step towards reliable algorithms for reconstructing micro-morphology of electrode materials of high-temperature protonexchange membrane fuel cells and for performing pore-scale simulations of fluid flow (including rarefaction effects). In particular, we developed a deterministic model for a woven gas diffusion layer (GDL) and a stochastic model for the catalyst layer (CL)...

Polymer electrolyte membranes have found broad application in a number of processes, being fuel cells, due to energy concerns, the main focus of the scientific community worldwide. Relatively little attention has been paid to the use of these materials in electrochemical production and separation processes. In this review, we put emphasis upon the application of Nafion membranes in electrochemi...

metalloporphirins; cu(tpp), mn(tpp)cl, co(tpp), fe(tpp)cl, zn(tpp) and mn(obp)cl catalyze region and chemoselective silylation of hydroxyl groups with hmds. fe(tpp)cl is the most effective catalyst and silylation occurs immediately in its presence at room temperature.

in this work, the efficiency, generality and applicability of new bronsted acidic ionic liquid (bail) 1-methyl-3-(2-(sulfooxy)ethyl)-1h-imidazol-3-ium chloride {[msei]cl} as heterogeneous and green catalyst for organic transformations are studied. herein, the following one-pot multi-component reactions in the presence of [msei]cl are investigated: (i) the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives fr...

Electrochemical CO2 reduction provides a promising route to the sustainable generation of valuable chemicals and fuels. Tandem catalysts enable sequential CO2-to-CO CO-to-multicarbon (C2+) product conversions on complementary active sites, produce high C2+ Faradaic efficiency (FE). Unfortunately, previous tandem exhibit poor management CO intermediates, which diminishes FE. Here, we design segm...

The use of [Pd(NHC)(cinnamyl)Cl] precatalysts in the direct arylation of heterocycles has been investigated. Among four different precatalysts, [Pd(SIPr)(cinnamyl)Cl] proved to be the most efficient promoter of the reaction. The C-H functionalization of sulfur- or nitrogen-containing heterocycles has been achieved at low catalyst loadings. These catalyst charges range from 0.1 to 0.01 mol % pal...