As the health and environmental benefits of cycling have become better appreciated, successive governments in the United Kingdom have encouraged cycle use. Cyclists, however, face considerable risk of injury, of which head injuries most commonly result in serious adverse outcomes. Despite evidence from casecontrol and time trend studies, 2 questions remain about the effectiveness of helmets, pa...

Meta-analysis Polymorphism Studies of the relationship between male infertility and CYP1A1 polymorphisms are inconclusive. To drive a more precise estimation, we performed a meta-analysis based on 1,060 cases and 1,225 controls from 7 published casecontrol studies. PubMed and CNKI literature search were conducted to identify all eligible studies investigating such a relationship. Crude odds rat...

There is renewed interest in the relationship between birth weight and type 2 diabetes. Previous casecontrol studies (1) of elderly European residents showed a linear association between low birth weight and type 2 diabetes. More recent cohort studies (2) in Pima Indians have shown a U-shaped curve between birth weight and diabetes, where both low and high birth weight were shown to increase th...

Preeclampsia in Indonesia is the second leading cause of maternal death after bleeding with an incidence rate 3-10%. and complications among pregnant women globally. The risk preeclampsia increases as mother's weight during pregnancy. purpose this study was to determine relationship between gain at Banyumas Regency Health Center. This used a casecontrol design. results showed that most responde...

Meta-analysis Polymorphism Studies of the relationship between male infertility and CYP1A1 polymorphisms are inconclusive. To drive a more precise estimation, we performed a meta-analysis based on 1,060 cases and 1,225 controls from 7 published casecontrol studies. PubMed and CNKI literature search were conducted to identify all eligible studies investigating such a relationship. Crude odds rat...

During the twentieth century, Austin Bradford Hill researched diseases and their causes in England and developed the Bradford Hill criteria, which comprise the minimal requirements that must be met for a causal relationship to be established between a factor and a disease. Hill also suggested that researchers should randomize clinical trials to evaluate the effects of a drug or treatment by mon...

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disorder associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite this, current cardiovascular scoring systems do not include COPD in their risk prediction models. The aims of this casecontrol study were to assess whether differences in cardiovascular surrogate markers exist in COPD to further understand the...

This panel presented data on host genes that influence susceptibility to or manifestations of four infectious diseases: Puumala hantavirus infection, tuberculosis (TB), Lyme disease, and AIDS. Gus Birkhead, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, introduced the session, highlighting its timeliness in relation to the rapidly emerging body of data on our 100,000 human genes that stems f...

The field of statistical genetics has developed considerably over the past five years due to the substantial advances in genomic technology. The volume and the nature of these data create a need for reliable computer software to perform statistical analyses. SAS/GENETICS offers a collection of procedures specifically tailored for genetic data such as ALLELE, HAPLOTYPE, CASECONTROL and FAMILY pr...

This panel presented data on host genes that influence susceptibility to or manifestations of four infectious diseases: Puumala hantavirus infection, tuberculosis (TB), Lyme disease, and AIDS. Gus Birkhead, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, introduced the session, highlighting its timeliness in relation to the rapidly emerging body of data on our 100,000 human genes that stems f...