Terrestrial laser scanning is an efficient technique in providing highly accurate point clouds for various geoscience applications. The point clouds have to be transformed to a well-defined reference frame, such as the global Geodetic Reference System 1980. The transformation to the geocentric coordinate frame is based on estimating seven Helmert parameters using several GNSS (Global Navigation...

In Cartesian coordinate systems, the angular separation-based star identification algorithms involve much trigonometric function computing. That delays the algorithm process. As in a polar coordinate system, the coordinates are denoted by angular values, it is potential to speed up the star identification process by adopting a polar coordinate system. An angular polar coordinate system is intro...

The single wheel, gyroscopically stabilized robot Gyrover, is a dynamically stable but statically unstable, underactuated system. In this paper, based on the dynamic model of the robot, we investigate two classes of nonholonomic constraints associated with the system. Then, based on the backstepping technology, we propose a control law for balance control of Gyrover. Next, through transferring ...

A coordinate system is composed of an encoding, defining the dimensions of the space, and an origin. We examine the coordinate encoding used to update motor plans during sensory-motor adaptation to center-out reaches. Adaptation is induced using a novel paradigm in which feedback of reach endpoints is perturbed following a sinewave pattern over trials; the perturbed dimensions of the feedback w...

Wavefields are commonly computed in the Cartesian coordinate frame. Its efficiency is inherently limited due to spatial oversampling in deep layers, where the velocity is high and wavelengths are long. To alleviate this computational waste due to uneven wavelength sampling, we convert the vertical axis of the conventional domain from depth to vertical time or pseudo depth. This creates a nonort...

In medical imaging, signals acquired in non-Cartesian coordinate systems are common. For instance, CT and MRI often produce significantly higher resolution within scan planes, compared to the distance between two adjacent planes. Even oblique sampling occurs, by the use of gantry tilt. In ultrasound imaging, samples are acquired in a polar coordinate system, which implies a spatially varying me...

We investigate C1-smooth univariate curvature-based cubic L1 interpolating splines in Cartesian and polar coordinates. The coefficients of these splines are calculated by minimizing the L1 norm of curvature. We compare these curvature-based cubic L1 splines with second-derivative-based cubic L1 splines and with cubic L2 splines based on the L2 norm of curvature and of the second derivative. In ...