Genotoxic carcinogens interact with nucleic acids and proteins to yield covalently bound products (adducts), the quantitative determination of which has been proposed as a biomonitor of human exposure to carcinogens. Mass spectrometry is playing a leading role both in the structural characterisation and in the quantitative determination of these carcinogen adducts. In particular electrospray io...

We view the structures and features described in this atlas as sedimentary structures, albeit of a complex organo-physico-chemical origin. Just like their physical sedimentary structure counterparts (e.g., Pettijohn and Potter, 1964), they can be of great assistance in unravelling depositional palaeoenvironments inferred for ancient rock successions. Pettijohn and Potter (1964) included stromat...

A novel α-oximation reaction of unactivated aldehydes has been achieved in excellent yields by reaction with NaNO(2)-FeCl(3) couple and in the presence of pyrrolidine as organocatalyst.

SUMMARY The exfoliative cytology of the lung was studied during the induction and early development of respiratory tract tumors. Syrian golden hamsters received multiple intra tracheal injections of benzo(a)pyrene-Fe203 for 14 weeks at a cumulative dose of 45 mg benzo(a)pyrene. Shortly after start of the experiment a severe, probably toxic, cytological response to the carcinogen application was...

Progress over the past 30 years has revealed many strengths of the rainbow trout as an alternative model for environmental carcinogenesis research. These include low rearing costs, an early life-stage ultrasensitive bioassay, sensitivity to many classes of carcinogen, a well-described tumor pathology, responsiveness to tumor promoters and inhibitors, and a mechanistically informative nonmammali...

Measurement of human urinary carcinogen metabolites is a practical approach for obtaining important information about tobacco and cancer. This review presents currently available methods and evaluates their utility. Carcinogens and their metabolites and related compounds that have been quantified in the urine of smokers or non-smokers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) include trans,t...

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