This review examines the methods used to study carboxylic acids and the results of such studies on certain acids in freshwater snails. The three areas of carboxylic acid interest considered in this review involve their roles as metabolites, phagostimulants, and biomarkers. The chromatographic and non-chromatographic methods used to study the carboxylic acids in the snails are considered herein....

A highly efficient method for the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids using PolyVinylPolyPyrrolidone supported - Boron Trifluoride (PVPP-BF3) in the presence of 35% hydrogen peroxide has been developed in acetonitrile at 60 °C. This procedure cleanly oxidizes variety of aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acids. Oxidative esterification of benzaldeh...

Many inborn errors of metabolism are characterized by an increase in the concentrations of various carboxylic acids in blood and urine. For example, the metabolic disorders propionic acidemia [ 11, methylmalonic aciduria [ 2,3], maple syrup urine disease [4], isovaleric acidemia [ 41 and glutaric aciduria type II [ 5,6] show increased amounts of volatile carboxylic acids in blood or urine. Proc...

the treatment equimolar quantities of carboxylic acids with acid chlorides in the presence of zno brings abouthighly efficient unsymmetrical anhydrides at room temperature in solvent-free condition. reactivity trendsfavored formation of the product using both electron deficient and rich aryl acids and acid chlorides.

infrared spectra of some deuterio analogues of carboxylic acids in heavy water have been investigated and their spectral behavior in carbonyl stretching frequency region have been interpreted in terms of their structural behavior in aqueous solutions. it has been shown that a linear relationship exists between carbonyl stretching frequency of solvated acids at infinite dilution and their pk s .

a,b-Unsaturated carboxylic acids are important chemicals, and can be used as basic materials in the production of plastics, superabsorbent, polymers, and rubbers. Various synthetic methodologies for their synthesis have been developed, for example, oxidation of propene over heterogeneous catalysts at high temperature yielded the a,b-unsaturated carboxylic acids and hydrocarboxylation of alkynes...

BACKGROUND C5-C8 medium-chain carboxylic acids are valuable chemicals as the precursors of various chemicals and transport fuels. However, only a few strict anaerobes have been discovered to produce them and their production is limited to low concentrations because of product toxicity. Therefore, a bacterial strain capable of producing high-titer C5-C8 carboxylic acids was strategically isolate...

Since the synthesis of 2,4-D, a number of other synthetic auxins have become commercially available. Although these products are referred to as growth regulators or phytohormones (previously known as plant hormones), they really represent only one group of growth regulators, the auxins. Auxins can be divided into six major groups; indole acids, naphthalene acids, phenoxy carboxylic acids, benzo...

Carboxylic acids are an attractive biorenewable chemical in terms of their flexibility and usage as precursors for a variety of industrial chemicals. It has been demonstrated that such carboxylic acids can be fermentatively produced using engineered microbes, such as Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, like many other attractive biorenewable fuels and chemicals, carboxylic a...