development of antibiotic resistance in intensive care units (icus) is a worldwide problem. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an antibiotic stewardship program (asp) by carbapenems restriction on gram-negative antimicrobial resistance in icu. the study was designed in a 21 bedded general icu of a teaching hospital with two wings (one and two) in tehran, iran. carbapenem pr...

background :    acinetobacter baumannii has become one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections in recent years. the organism seems to be resistant to most classes of antibiotics. carbapenems are considered the most effective drugs for treatment of these infections. however, increasing emergence of carbapenem resistant a. baumannii has become a major healthcare problem.   methods :...

background and objective: the production of carbapenemases especially klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc) is the most important mechanism of enzymatic resistance in isolated enterobacteriaceae such as k. pneumoniae. the purpose of this study was detected of the carbapenemase producer k. pneumoniae strains with phenotypic and genotypic methods. method: out of 800 strains, 270 k. pneumoniae...

Carbapenem resistance has been encountered globally with poor outcome of infected patients. NDM-1 (New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase) gene containing organisms have emerged and are now spreading in all continents. This is the first report of Iraqi patients referred to Lebanon from whom carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae were recovered. The genes involved in carbapenem resistance were bla-OX...

Many hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs restrict the availability of selected drugs by requiring prior approval. Carbapenems may be among the restricted drugs, but it is unclear if hospitals that restrict availability actually use fewer carbapenems than hospitals that do not restrict use. Nor is it clear if restriction is related to resistance. We evaluated the relationship between car...

The Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenem (KPC) beta-lactamase occurs in Enterobacteriaceae and can confer resistance to all beta-lactam agents including carbapenems. The enzyme may confer low-level carbapenem resistance, and the failure of susceptibility methods to identify this resistance has been reported. Automated and nonautomated methods for carbapenem susceptibility were evaluated for identif...

background and objectives: pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causative agents of nosocomial infections especially in icu and burn units. p. aeruginosa infections are normally difficult to eradicate due to acquired resistance to many antibiotics. recent appearance of carbapenem resistant p. aeruginosa isolates is considered a major healthcare problem. the present study was cond...

A 30 month prospective study of Acinetobacter species encountered in the Central Pathology Laboratory of St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, was conducted to investigate the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem resistance in such isolates. Acinetobacter genomic species 3 (AG3) was found to be the predominant Acinetobacter species (45/114, 39 %) in our institution. A total of 11...

It has previously been shown that carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are frequently detected in Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to identify the epidemiology and distribution of antibiotic resistance determinants in these bacteria. A total of 83 A. baumannii isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and screened by PCR for carbapenemase genes and insertion s...

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen causing pneumonia, respiratory infections and urinary tract infections. The prevalence of this lethal pathogen increases gradually in the clinical setup where it can grow on artificial surfaces, utilize ethanol as a carbon source. Moreover it resists desiccation. Carbapenems, a β-lactam, are the most commonly prescribed drugs against A. bauma...