Abstract Human beings have always been in an interaction with Nature in accordance with their own ideology and the interface between them has become a rich source of inspiration for most studies. The impact of human beings on Nature is anchored in the ideology or philosophy of life The ideology has exerted so powerful influence that some people believe a typical Islamic city is grounded on ...

Iranian architecture follows various formal patterns, mostly had been worked in artistic pieces then worked to architectural structures. Deeply looking at motifs in artistic works and architectural plans, streaks of cosmological beliefs can be traced. Nonagon division of squares, "Chaharbagh" or "Chaharsofeh" plans can be among important ones. It seems that these patterns have been primarily us...