Sea cucumber catch has followed “boom-and-bust” patterns over the period of 60 years from 1950-2010, and sea cucumber fisheries have had important ecological, economic and societal roles. However, sea cucumber fisheries have not been explored systematically, especially in terms of catch change trends. Sea cucumbers are relatively sedentary species. An attempt was made to explore whether the tim...

Abstract Spider capture silk is a natural scaffolding material that outperforms most synthetic materials in terms of its combination strength and elasticity. Among the various kinds threads, cribellar thread primitive prey-capturing type spider web material. We analyzed functional organization sieve-like cribellum spigots specialized calamistral comb bristles for production by titanoecid Nursci...