Aim To examine the biogeographical history of the angiosperm clade Caprifolieae (Caprifoliaceae) using parametric biogeographical reconstruction methods. The existing parametric method was extended to evaluate biogeographical reconstructions over the distribution of dated phylogenies. This method provides a framework for reconstructing large-scale biogeography with parametric methods, while acc...

Under the present paper, authors have reposted finding of Sambucus nigra L. as new introduction in medicinal plans in the flora of "Valley of flowers'. Sambucus nigra L. Originally is an European plant and is very important for its medicinal potential, being used in various systems of medicine to cure number of ailments. In natural order Sambucus nigra L. belongs to family caprifoliaceae.

The use of diverse data sets in phylogenetic studies aiming for understanding evolutionary histories species can yield conflicting inference. Phylogenetic conflicts observed animal and plant systems have often been explained by hybridization, incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), or horizontal gene transfer. Here, we used target enrichment data, tree, network approaches to infer the backbone phylog...

Flower symmetry is of special interest in understanding the evolution and ecology of angiosperms. Evidence from the Antirrhineae (within the lamiid clade of Asteridae) indicates that several TCP gene family transcription factors, especially CYCLOIDEA (CYC), play a role in specifying dorsal identity in the corolla and androecium of monosymmetric (bilateral) flowers. We examine the evolution of t...

To further clarify phylogenetic relationships within Dipsacales,we analyzed new and previously published rbcL sequences, alone and in combination with morphological data. We also examined relationships within Adoxaceae using rbcL and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. We conclude from these analyses that Dipsacales comprise two major lineages:Adoxaceae and Caprifolia...

This paper deals with two European species, Phyllonorycter mespilella (Hübner, 1805) and P. trifasciella (Haworth, 1828), that have colonized the subtropical Canary Islands. The Rosaceae leaf miner, P. mespilella, is recorded for the first time from Lanzarote and La Palma, while the Caprifoliaceae leaf miner, P. trifasciella, is recorded from Tenerife. We present the diagnoses of these species ...

The presence or absence of cyanogenic glycosides was determined for individuals from nine populations of Sambucus canadensis L. (elderberry) of east-central Illinois. In most of the populations tested, all or most of the individuals did not produce these compounds, in one, all were cyanogenic, whereas in another population this trait was highly variable. Addition of the enzyme emulsin to negati...