in this paper in order to determine performance point (pp) in a simply way, a program has been introduced using excel software. actually, to determine the pp point, using capacity spectrum, a lot of and error and efforts to be done. unfortunately this method does not give an accurate value. most of engineers use simple methods such as, method of ratio as given in codes of practice, but the resu...

This study proposes a capacity spectrum Method (CSM)-based procedure to estimate the maximum seismic performance of steel buildings passively controlled with bilinear oil dampers. In proposed CSM, response building was estimated, in acceleration-displacement spectrum, as intersection between curve and damping-adjusted demand curves, using equivalent linearization method. The damping ratio deter...

The spectrum allocation for cognitive radio sensor networks (CRSNs) has received considerable research attention under the assumption that the spectrum environment is static. However, in practice, the spectrum environment varies over time due to primary user/secondary user (PU/SU) activity and mobility, resulting in time-varied spectrum resources. This paper studies resource allocation for chun...