The assessment of the long-term performance engineered barrier systems high-level radioactive waste (HLW) repositories requires use reactive transport models. Here a non-isothermal model geochemical evolution HLW disposal cell in granitic host rock is presented. includes vitrified (40 cm diameter), carbon-steel canister (5 thick), saturated FEBEX bentonite buffer (75 thick) and reference rock. ...

The behaviour of Ce-containing zirconolites in hot isostatically pressed (HIPed) materials is complex, characterised by redox interactions between the metallic HIP canister that result reduction Ce4+ to Ce3+. In this work, a glass–ceramic composition 70 wt.% CaZr0.9Ce0.1Ti2O7 ceramic 30 Na2Al2Si6O16 glass was produced (approx. 170 cm3 canister) examine extent material–canister interaction. A co...

In the present study, we compare a new carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbent, Yabashi lime(®) with a conventional CO2 absorbent, Sodasorb(®) as a control CO2 absorbent for Compound A (CA) and Carbon monoxide (CO) productions. Four dogs were anesthetized with sevoflurane. Each dog was anesthetized with four preparations, Yabashi lime(®) with high or low-flow rate of oxygen and control CO2 absorbent wit...

BACKGROUND Inhalation is the preferred route for respiratory drug delivery, but several factors contribute to the variability of the respirable dose fraction. Instant velocity and the dynamic characteristics of the droplet cloud represent crucial factors. Aim was to measure and compare the instant velocity and the consistency of emitted cloud from five different MDIs (A - Salbutamol sulphate 10...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate how patients determined that pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) canisters were empty and to measure pMDI depletion under different circumstances in the laboratory. SETTING Most of the study was performed in a university research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Fifty consecutive patients attending the Brenner Children's Hospital Asthma Center were initially question...

We describe laboratory tests to investigate and demonstrate the acquisition and encapsulation of a subsurface sample from a comet analogue using a coring penetrator. The penetrator imbeds itself in the target, coring out a sample during the impact itself. Mechanisms seal the sample in a canister and the canister is spring-ejected from the rear of the penetrator where it can be retrieved in free...

The static failure strength of a frangible laminated composite canister cover subjected to uniform external pressure is studied via both theoretical and experimental approaches. The frangible canister cover, which is fabricated with four plate-like laminated composite parts, which is designed in such a way that it will fail in a predetermined pattern when subjected to an impulsive internal pres...

Chronic, low-level exposure to waste anesthetic gases has been linked to increased incidences of neurologic and reproductive dysfunction, hepatic and renal toxicity, and neoplasia in humans. We have shown previously that one brand of activated charcoal canister (F/Air) used for passive scavenging of halogenated gases does not completely remove isoflurane during anesthetic protocols used in conv...

BACKGROUND Large quantities of water condensation occur in the anaesthesia circuit during low-flow anaesthesia. We hypothesized that cooling of the CO2 absorbent would prevent water condensation. METHODS To cool CO2 absorbent efficiently, we constructed a novel temperature gradient reduction (TGR) canister, which was cooled by a blower. Experiments were divided into three groups: the conventi...

The concept for geological disposal of nuclear waste and spent nuclear fuel relies on a multi-barrier system with the copper/cast iron canister as the first barrier. The canister is designed to retain its integrity for at least 100000 years, which means that future glaciations need to be considered. A thick ice block together with hydrostatic pressure from groundwater would produce hydrostatic ...