BACKGROUND There is limited information on the incidence of clinical signs, concurrent illness and treatment options for atrial fibrillation (AF) in New World Camelids (NWC). OBJECTIVE Describe clinical signs and outcome of AF in NWC. ANIMALS Eight New World Camelids admitted with AF. METHODS A retrospective observational study of camelids diagnosed with AF based on characteristic finding...

West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis in camelids may result in clinical signs of disease ranging from anorexia, fever and facial tremors to incoordination, recumbency and death. Similar to humans and horses in which <1% of WNV infected individuals become severely ill, it appears that the majority of camelids infected by WNV are asymptomatic and recover uneventfully. Since camelids are reported to...

An overview of the present status of the use of artificial insemination (AI) in South American camelids and wild equids is offered. Technical aspects of semen collection, dilution and cryopreservation have limited the development and use of AI in camelid and equid species. To-date, efficiency is low but progress has been made and viable offspring have been produced through the use of AI in dome...

In domestic camelids, fleece color is an essential characteristic because it defines the direction of production. Variants were determined in MC1R gene that showed a relationship with coat alpacas and llamas at level coding region. This report sequenced from 290 (142 white, 84 black, 50 brown, 14 light fawn), five brown llamas, nine vicuñas, three guanacos to analyze association between among S...

All camelids (including the Bactrian [2 humps] and Dromedary [1 hump] old world camels) have a diploid number of 74 chromosomes. Interbreeding can occur between any of these species, producing fertile offspring. In llama and alpaca are occasionally interbred, producing an animal with longer but coarser fibre length than Alpaca. These are known as Huarizo. Using artificial insemination between o...

Eimeria macusaniensis is an important coccidian intestinal parasite of New World camelids. It may be the same parasite as E. camelli, a similar-appearing intestinal coccidian of Old World camels, but this has not been proven. E. macusaniensis affects all ages of camelid, not just juveniles. Its contribution to illness may not be appreciated, since some camelids become sick up to two weeks befor...

Osseous sequestration has been recognized with increased frequency in South American camelids. In horses and cattle, sequestration is most commonly associated with traumatic events that lead to localized cortical ischemia and bacterial invasion secondary to loss of adjacent periosteal and soft tissue integrity and viability. In humans, osteomyelitis without prior trauma is rarely seen in adults...

Although dental disease is common in camelids, primary mandibular osteomyelitis is encountered less frequently than other dental problems. This is fortunate because the condition is characterized by extensive, generalized destruction and lysis of the mandible. Often the condition spans the entire length of the hemimandible, involving the diastema and occasionally the symphyseal region around th...

Abdominal disease is common in camelids and can present many diagnostic and treatment challenges. The presentation of mild colic with abdominal distension and decreased or abnormal fecal output in camelids may indicate either mechanical or functional (ileus) intestinal obstruction. Differentiation of the possible causes and their management is important for a successful outcome and often relies...