This paper reports on the design and fabrication of a High Temperature Short Time (HTST) camel milk pasteurization pilot plant. The objective of this project is to design and fabricate a low cost and practical camel milk pasteurization pilot plant which will work well in an agricultural setting in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Fresh camel milk is a much sought after delicacies in the Arab world,...

Camel health management has implications for public health and camel product trade. After liberalization of the veterinary service, current camel health management in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALS) of Kenya and its implications for public health is not known. This study investigated camel health management and its implications on zoonoses and food safety in Isiolo County, Kenya. Semi-stru...

Camel milk requires more calf rennet than cow milk to coagulate and the relative amount of rennet needed varies widely (2, 8, 14, 16). Extracts of adult camel abomasa have been used to coagulate cow milk with success (5, 6, 7). However, these enzymes have not been tried on camel milk. Rennet extracts from lamb and cow calves were found to be more effective with the milk of the respective specie...

Given an even cyclic (+1; 1) sequence s = (s0; :::; s2n 1) which consists of n plus ones and n minus ones, let us compute i+ j (mod 2n) for all n2 (+1; 1)-pairs (si; sj) and distribute obtained n2 numbers between 2n "boxes" 1; 2; :::; 2n 1; 2n = 0 (mod 2n). The average cardinality of a box is n2 2n = n2 . Some sequences have quite remarkable box-distributions, "almost average everywhere with tw...

CD4(+) Th cells play an important role in the induction and maintenance of adequate CD8(+) T cell-mediated antitumor responses. Therefore, identification of MHC class II-restricted tumor antigenic epitopes is of major importance for the development of effective immunotherapies with synthetic peptides. CAMEL and NY-ESO-ORF2 are tumor Ags translated in an alternative open reading frame from the h...

The natural creaming of raw and heated camel milk was studied. Compared with cow (Bos taurus) milk, camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk showed very slow creaming rate in both raw and heated milk at refrigerator and room temperatures. Fat globule size distribution was similar in cow and camel milks. The creaming ability was also studied in various combinations of skim milks and creams of raw camel ...

Few published studies have reported the use of crude camel milk in the treatment of stomach infections, tuberculosis and cancer. Yet, little research was conducted on the effect of camel milk on the apoptosis and oxidative stress associated with human cancer. The present study investigated the effect and the underlying mechanisms of camel milk on the proliferation of human cancer cells using an...

A great challenge in using any planning system to solve real-world problems is the difficulty of acquiring the domain knowledge that the system will need. We present a way to address part of this problem, in the context of Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning, by having the planning system learn the HTN methods incrementally under supervision of an expert. We present a general formal framew...

The shape of the beam profile of a discharge excited XeCl excimer laser using a spiker-sustainer electrical circuit has been varied from a ‘bell’-, through a ‘top-hat’-, to a ‘camel-back’-profile by varying the delay between the spiker pulse and the maincurrent with the circuit operating in the charge-mode. Fine-tuning of the beam profile can be done by varying the charging voltage of the main ...

The camel uses various adaptive mechanisms for life in the desert. In the dry land ecosystem camel rearing is regarded as a fairly constant resource for sustenance. The camel has a great importance in the local, social culture of the societies inhabiting the dry lands. Marketing of camels is an important trade in India where it is also used as a draft animal. Consequently, Khanna and Rai sugges...