This is a final report on the research studies completed under NASA Grant NAG 1-03045, “Development of Micro Air Vehicle Technology with In-Flight Adaptrive-Wing Structure.” This project involved the development of variable-camber technology to achieve efficient design of micro air vehicles. Specifically, it focused on the following topics: 1) Low Reynolds number wind tunnel testing of cambered...

A variable camber morphing rotor blade with curvilinear fiber composite skin is studied in this paper. The benefits of curvilinear fiber (CVF) composites for morphing skin over the linear fiber are investigated, initially. The skin of a morphing blade is modeled as a plate supported between the D-spar and trailing edge of typical rotor blade dimensions. The CVF composite shows about 60 % increa...

Over the last decades, there has been great interest in understanding the aerodynamics of flapping flight and development of flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FWMAVs). The camber deformation and twisting has been demonstrated quantitatively in a number of insects, but making artificial wings that mimic those features is a challenge. This paper reports the development and characterization of art...

Although the asymmetry in the upward and downward bending of insect wings is well known, the structural origin of this asymmetry is not yet clearly understood. Some researchers have suggested that based on experimental results, the bending asymmetry of insect wings appears to be a consequence of the camber inherent in the wings. Although an experimental approach can reveal this phenomenon, anot...

The purpose of this research is to develop a MATLAB model which can calculate the aerodynamics, such as lift, drag, and pressure, on an airfoil as it changes shape. This model needs to be computationally efficient and should have reasonable accuracy. A constant strength doublet panel code, which takes thickness and camber distribution as inputs, is used to model the aerodynamics. This code has ...

Eight nonimpaired subjects participated in a wheelchair exercise test using a motor-driven treadmill in order to study the effect of rear wheel camber on wheelchair ambulation. The test consisted of four runs with rear wheels in 0, 3, 6, and 9 degrees camber at four speed steps of 2, 3, 4, and 5 km/hr. There were no significant effects upon oxygen cost, heart rate, and mechanical efficiency. Th...

A new principle of on-line crook measurement for long size rolling stock while running is devised, instead of customary off line static measurement. Rolled steel beams and plates aretransferred on roller tables generally accompanied with the motion of traverse and rotation. Therefore, the following three measuring methodes are described. (1) For the case of both traverse and rotation are neglig...

In classical aeroelasticity, the typical at plate section consists of two degrees of freedom, namely pitch and plunge. Current resources o er the capability of enhancing the response of the typical aerofoil by making it adaptive. This project investigates the dynamic aeroelastic e ects of two of these options: trailing edge aps and chordwise (camber) deformations. The structural model is assume...

An (_xperimental and lh(x)rctical design study has been made of a generic family of lifting body configurations. The configurations all had a 75 ° sw('pt delta planforln with a rounded nose, but they had dif-f(,rcnt ut)t)er an(t lower surface camber shapes. The camber shapes varied in thickness and in the loca-ti(m of the maximmn thickness. The study consisted ()f models with a flat t)ottom and...