Uranium-lead data indicate that the high-pressure granulitic and charnockitic nuclei within the medium-grade metamorphic complex of the Peruvian coastal area must be related to an orogenic event 2 x 10(9) years ago. As in western Africa and Brazil, this old granulitic basement is reworked by Late Precambrian orogeny. Its presence along the Peru-Chile Trench must be taken into account in interpr...

PURPOSE To carry out a study of association between socioeconomic and demographic factors and homicides in general population, in the state of Bahia, in 2009. METHODS This is an ecological study. The data were collected from the database of the Information System about Mortality of the Ministry of Health, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Institute of Applied Ec...

Evolution in finite populations is often modelled using the classical Moran process. Over the last ten years this methodology has been extended to structured populations using evolutionary graph theory. An important question in any such population, is whether a rare mutant has a higher or lower chance of fixating (the fixation probability) than the Moran probability, i.e. that from the original...

Evolution in finite populations is often modelled using the classical Moran process. Over the last 10 years, this methodology has been extended to structured populations using evolutionary graph theory. An important question in any such population is whether a rare mutant has a higher or lower chance of fixating (the fixation probability) than the Moran probability, i.e. that from the original ...

We present a Moran-model approach to modeling general multiallelic selection in a finite population and show how it may be used to develop theoretical models of biological systems of balancing selection such as plant gametophytic self-incompatibility loci. We propose new expressions for the stationary distribution of allele frequencies under selection and use them to show that the continuous-ti...

BACKGROUND The Samburu region of northern Kenya is undergoing significant change, driven by factors including greater value on formal education, improvements in infrastructure and development, a shift from community to private ownership of land, increased sedentary lifestyles and global climate change. One outcome of these changes are an increasingly greater likelihood for adolescent boys to be...

Lazaros K. Gallos, Diego Rybski, Fredrik Liljeros, Shlomo Havlin, and Hernán A. Makse Levich Institute and Physics Department, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14469 Potsdam, Germany Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden and Institute for Futures Studies Box 591, SE-101 31 Stockholm, Sweden...

Starting from any graph on $\{1, \ldots, n\}$, consider the Markov chain where at each time-step a uniformly chosen vertex is disconnected all of its neighbors and reconnected to another vertex. This has stationary distribution whose support set non-empty forests n\}$. The random forest corresponding this interesting connections with uniform rooted labeled tree attachment tree. We fully charact...

The relationship between the M-species stochastic Lotka-Volterra competition (SLVC) model and the M-allele Moran model of population genetics is explored via timescale separation arguments. When selection for species is weak and the population size is large but finite, precise conditions are determined for the stochastic dynamics of the SLVC model to be mappable to the neutral Moran model, the ...