This study investigates the impact of two local calamities-an explosion at a firework factory in the city of Enschede on 13 May and a fire at a discotheque on 1 January 2001 during a New Years Eve party in the town of Volendam-on the educational achievement of children at the end of their primary education. Based on a quasi-experimental design with both control groups and pre-tests, we found th...

recovery is a part of disaster management cycle during which repair and reconstruction takes place, and individuals, groups, and communities retake what they have lost and ideally the risk of future incidents reduces. life recovery is a subjective and multidimensional issue influenced by various factors, whereas valid measurable indicators in evaluating the recovery after disasters are helpful....

In Judaism, calamity [Hebr. חורבן churban, plural. חורבנות churbanot] is a cultural category that not necessarily characterized as negative. It viewed form of purification, which begins crisis finally leads to religious and moral recovery. Three most important churbanot are usually recognized in the history Israel: destruction Salomon’s Temple by Nebuchadnezzar (586 B.C.) followed Babylonian ca...