Innovation occurs in network environments. Identifying the important players in the innovative process, namely “the innovators”, is key to understanding the process of innovation. Doing this requires flexible analysis tools tailored to work well with complex datasets generated within such environments. One such tool, cluster analysis, organizes a large data set into discrete groups based ...

Article history: Received 28 May 2013 Received in revised form 17 February 2014 Accepted 19 February 2014 Available online 26 February 2014 The Urban Household Income and Expenditure Surveys, conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics, are extensively explored in income distribution studies. However, we find that a survey coverage expansion that includes migrant residents in the urban sampl...

Loss-of-function DJ-1 mutations can cause early-onset Parkinson's disease. The function of DJ-1 is unknown, but an acidic isoform accumulates after oxidative stress, leading to the suggestion that DJ-1 is protective under these conditions. We addressed whether this represents a posttranslational modification at cysteine residues by systematically mutating cysteine residues in human DJ-1. WT or ...

Syntheses of the C1–C12 and C13–C28 oasomycin A subunits were described in the preceding Communication. Herein we describe the synthesis and assemblage of the C29–C46 portion of this polyketide natural product. According to the synthesis plan, the C29–C46 fragment targeted as aldehyde I is considered as one of the complex subgoals. Julia disconnection of the D olefin in I affords fragments II a...

Cl6 = 0.3269 Cl7 0.7458 Cl,10 = 0.6322 C26 = 0.6428 C18 0.2978 Ci,11 = — 0.1488 C36 = 0.6725 Cl9 = 0.4364 Cl,12 = — 0.4904 C46 = 0.1488 C27 = 0.1340 C2.10 = 0 Cö6 = 0 C28 = 0.4845 C2.11 = 0 C7.10 = 0.7260 C29 = 0.6087 C2.12 = 0 C7,ll = 0.5467 y s37 = 0.3405 C3.10 = 0.6793 ^7,12 = 0.4507 C38 = 0.0394 C3. l l = 0.6793 £8,10 0.6176 C39 == 0.2440 C3.12 = 0.2151 -8.1 1 = 0.7615 C47 = 0.1087 C4,10 = ...

A highly convergent total synthesis of the potent anticancer agent (+)-phorboxazole A (1) is accomplished. Four components (3-6) are assembled with considerations for control of absolute and relative stereochemistry. Iterative asymmetric allylation methodology addresses key stereochemical features in the preparation of the 2,6-cis- and 2,6-trans-tetrahydropyranyl rings of the C3-C19 component (...

We present a nonlinear fully adaptive wavelet algorithm which can recover a blurred image (n × n) observed in white noise with O(n2(log n)2) steps. Our method exploits both the natural representation of the convolution operator in the Fourier domain and the typical characterisation of Besov classes in the wavelet domain. A particular feature of our method includes “cycle-spinning” band-limited ...

The upper tail of the firm size distribution is often assumed to follow a Power Law behavior. Recently, using different estimators and on different data sets, several papers conclude that this distribution follows the Zipf Law, that is that the fraction of firms whose size is above a given value is inversely proportional to the value itself. We compare the different methods through which this c...