This paper presents the simulation study and comparison of C02 and R502 as refrigerants. At first, as a single stage vapor compression refrigeration cycle's refrigerant, C02 can be used in subcritical and transcritical situations. The performances are studied completely. The results show that C02 has the same or better performance compared to R502's in certain temperature ranges. Finally C02 an...

Advances in the apptication of supercritical (SC), gaseous (G), and ]iquid (LQ) C02 hayc been made regarding the interaction with biological materials or organisms. There are sevcral reports dealing with the influences of SC, G, and LQ C02 on proteins,i'2) amino acids,i) enzymes,3'S) and microbial eells.b'7) Kamihara et aL have described that wet cells (water content of 70-90g,h) of baker's yea...

Schaefer, K. E., S. M. Pasquale, A. A. Messier, and H. Niemoeller. 1979. COrinduced kidney calcification. Undersea Biomed. Res. Sub. Suppl.: S143-S153.—Light microscopic examination of kidney tissue of guinea pigs exposed to 1.5% CO*, 2t% 02, and balance N2 for periods as long as 42 days and of rats exposed to the same CO: concentrations for up to 91 days showed that the incidence of focal kidn...

Photoinitiated reactions of H atoms with C 0 2 in C02-HBr complexes have been examined by using ab initio generalized valence bond-configuration interaction calculations. Recent experiments have shown that C02-HBr complexes yield OH -40 times more efficiently than C02-HCI complexes for similar values of hu-&(HX). We find that the calculated equilibrium geometry for the T-shaped C02-HBr complex ...

The reactions of a variety of bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)nickel species with C 0 2 have been studied. The product of the reaction is solvent dependent: in toluene the known complex [NiL2(/7 -C02)]-toluene (L = PCy3) is formed while in ether or pentane a binuclear complex [(NiL2)2(?;-C02)] results through the intermediacy of the solvent free species [NiL2(//-C02)] the structure of which has been...

The effects of C02 elevation on the dynamics of fine root (FR) mass and ectomycorrhizal (EM) mass and colonization were studied in situ in a Florida scrub oak system over four years of postfire regeneration. Soil cores were taken at five dates and sorted to assess the standing crop of ectomycorrhizal and fine roots. We used ingrowth bags to estimate the effects of elevated C02 on production of ...

IT has been shown by Zuntz(l), Alexander Schmidt(2), and Fre'de'ricq(3)2, that the serum of blood contains more C02 than the corpuscles. On the other hand, it is stated that if C02 acts on the serum and corpuscles which have been separated from one another, then the corpuscles contain more C02 than the serum. This has been explained by an interchange of acid and basic radicles between corpuscle...

ion provides the dominant channel of reaction (6): C0 2 • C02+ + CH4 CH4+ 42 C0 2 , (6a) CH4+ + C02 -> (C0 2 -CH 4 +)* , (21) (C02 • CH4+)* -> CO2H+ + CH3 , (22) (C02 • CH4+)* + C02 -> C02 • CH4+ + C 0 2 , (23) C02H+ + 2 C02 -> (C02)2H+ + C0 2 . (24) In this mechanism the formation of CO2 • CH4 + occurs by collisional stabilization of the intermediate reaction complex (C02 • CH4)* rather than v...

The light-dependent Cl e uptake in Elodea densa exhibits dual DCMU inhibition curves dependent on the presence and absence of C02 . This suggests that cyclic photophosphorylation (energy surce in the absence of C02) is also inhibited by higher concentrations of DCMU in vivo. Further, at low DCMU concentrations the Cl0 uptake in the presence of C02 is much smaller than would be expected if cycli...

Community forests provide real benefits, especially the economic value of communities around forest, and a contribution to environmental services. One benefits is vital for survival living things because it has role in regulating micro macro climate. On other hand, forest destruction can cause climate instability. Sustainable management community become necessity due global political changes. F...