OBJECTIVES To determine whether the firearms recovered in buyback programs in a large urban community are the types most closely associated with firearm fatalities in the same geographic area. METHODS The type, caliber, and manufacturer of 941 handguns recovered in Milwaukee County 1994-96 buyback programs were compared with 369 homicide related and 125 suicide related handguns used in Milwau...

Based on Buyback agreement of Stackelberg Game, this article analyzed the impact of sharing buyback cost for optimal production and different choices of supermarkets and farmer professional cooperatives in distribution model and direct model for agricultural-super docking supply chain in china. At the same time, this article designed a buyback agreement model and explores the nature of buyback ...

The coordination of two-echelons supply chain by buyback contract under the imperfect product quality and fuzzy demand environment is investigated in this paper. The mathematical models are built based on credibility theory, and the optimal parameters of buyback contract are obtained. In addition, the influence of the imperfect product rate on the parameters of buyback contract is analyzed. Fin...

This paper studies a buyback contract in the Stackelberg framework of a manufacturer (leader) selling to a price-setting, newsvendor retailer (follower). Using an analytical model that focuses on a multiplicative demand form, we generalize previous results and produce new structural insights. A novel transformation technique first enables us to establish the unimodality of the profit functions ...

Although the tender offer buyback method has gained significance over time, many companies still prefer open market repurchases. The existing literature focuses mainly on impact of announcements, specifically stock returns; however, announcements and abnormal returns in case repurchases have not yet been studied detail, especially across industries Indian context. This study, therefore, attempt...

The paper constructs a structural model to study the effect of corporate bonds buyback on the firm’s credit conditions. The model implies that the firm strategically choose how much debt to buy back and the buyback reduces the firm’s probability of default. In contrast to commonly perceived deleverage channel, the model highlights a novel channel that buying back bonds on the cheap transfers va...

This paper deals with the Stackelberg game model based on the buyback contract predominated by the supplier, and the equilibrium solutions to the model are available when wholesale price and maximum buyback rate are determined by the supplier and the order quantity is determined by the retailer with respect to the stochastic market demand. Coordination of different supply chains and risks share...

We integrate a retailer’s return policy and a supplier’s buyback policy within a modeling framework. In this setting, consumers decide whether to buy and then whether to return the product, the retailer sets the retail price, quantity, and refund price, and the supplier chooses the wholesale price and buyback price. Both the demand uncertainty and consumers’ valuation uncertainty are considered...

In this paper, we study a buyback contract model of the competitive newsvendor problem between a single supplier and multiple retailers under simultaneous price and safety stock competition. A price completion factor and a spill rate translate the price and safety stock competition, respectively. Our model is an extension of the problem analyzed in Zhao and Atkins (2) by the adoption of a buyba...

We discuss an online discrete optimization problem called the buyback problem. In the literature of the buyback problem, the valuation function representing the value of a set of selected elements is given by a linear function. In this paper, we consider a generalization of the buyback problem using a nonlinear valuation function. We propose an online algorithm for the problem with a discrete c...