The endogenous cannabinoid system plays an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal function in health and disease. Endocannabinoid levels are regulated by catabolic enzymes. Here, we describe the presence and localization of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), the major enzyme responsible for the degradation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol. We used molecular, biochemical, immunohistochemical,...

Growing evidence indicates that the endocannabinoid system is important for the acquisition and/or extinction of learning and memory. However, it is unclear which endocannabinoid(s) play(s) a crucial role in these cognitive functions, especially memory extinction. To elucidate the physiological role of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), a major endocannabinoid, in behavioral and cognitive functions...

humic acid as an organic substance can bound heavy metals. it is a best way of decreasing the hazardous effect of heavy metals on plants and thereby on humans. a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design of seven replications. the treatments consisted of three cadmium levels (0, 2 and 4 mgl-1), and three humic acid levels (0, 100, 1000 mgl-1) added to nutrient solutio...

Carbenicillin and cefotaxime, two antibiotics commonly used for excluding Agrobacterium tumefaciens during plant transformation, were tested for their bacteriostatic effects as well as for their effects on plant regeneration in adventitious root explants of papaya following co-culture with Agrobacterium. A washing step with sterilized distilled water two days after co-culture enhanced the bacte...

The effect of a dietary supplementation of gallic acid and linoleic acid mixture (MGL) and their synthetic salt, sodium 2,3-dihydroxy-5-(((9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienyloxy)carbonyl)phenolate (NGL), on egg quality was investigated. A total of 120 laying hens were allotted into five groups over 4weeks of the experimental period. Birds were fed the following diets: (1) control [commercial diet (CD)...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent APCs of the immune system that seed the peripheral tissues and lymphoid organs. In an immature state, DCs sample their surroundings for incoming pathogens. Upon Ag encounter, DCs mature and migrate to the lymph node to induce adaptive immune responses. The C-type macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), expressed in immature DCs, mediates binding to glyc...

The physico-chemical characteristics of Chambal river water in National Chambal sanctuary (Madhya Pradesh) have been studied. The stretch of Chambal river contained in the National Chambal sanctuary (located at 25 degrees 23'-26 degrees 52'N, 76 degrees 28'-79 degrees 15'E) is extending up to 600 km downstream from Kota (Rajasthan) to the confluence of the Chambal with Yamuna river (Etawah). Th...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate how different parameters of short-term glycemic control would correlate with the perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 50 T1D patients aged 18 to 50 years were evaluated with the questionnaires Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale and Diabetes Quali...