We propose a test based on the theory of algorithmic complexity and an experimental evaluation of Levin’s universal distribution to identify evidence in support of or in contravention of the claim that the world is algorithmic in nature. To this end statistical comparisons are undertaken of the frequency distributions of data from physical sources–repositories of information such as images, dat...

The purpose of this study was to establish the effect workplace security on employee performance at Vihiga County Referral Hospital. adopted a descriptive survey research design. targeted employees Hospital which comprise administration (15), technical staff (157) and subordinate (136). Therefore, target population 308 employees. researcher obtained sample size using Yamane formulae (1967) arri...

The EU Clinical Trials Directive came into force on 1 May 2004 and has changed the face of Clinical Trials of investigational medicinal products in the UK. An enthusiastic registrar or consultant who comes up with an idea for a therapeutic intervention now needs to comply with a complex and demanding set of legal, ethical and regulatory requirements, contravention of which may lead to criminal ...

Roma in Macedonia suffer from dire health consequences due to economic factors, such as high rates of unemployment and poverty, and social factors, including discrimination by medical providers. Although Macedonia administers a public health care system for its citizens, Roma frequently lack access to this system in contravention of the rights to health and equality enshrined in Macedonia's Con...

The debate over the implementation of e-voting systems still needs to respond to the question of the presence of null votes. Null votes, whose invalidity is due to a contravention of electoral norms, have become a new way through which the electors show their political discontent. The political dimension of null votes requires that e-voting systems ensure and guarantee the presence of null vote...

In recognition of the dire state of reproductive health care in Assam, HRLN developed and carried out a successful training in Guwahati on reproductive rights and the law in January 2011. The training was aimed to raise awareness about reproductive rights for adolescent girls by addressing an audience of college students, activists, NGOs and health workers. After discussions with grassroots hea...

The protection qualities of discretionary access control systems realised by today's prevalent operating systems are based on an assessment of the trustworthiness of users. By starting a program a user transfers his trustworthiness to it, ie, there is the tacit assumption that the program's trustworthiness at least matches that of the user. However, malicious programs are a growing source of th...

Kanagawa Prefecture became the first subnational government in Japan to implement an ordinance for the prevention of exposure to secondhand-smoke in public facilities. The ordinance aims to protect people from the negative health impacts of secondhand smoke; however, it has wide exemptions especially for hospitality and leisure business establishments. In addition, designated smoking areas are ...

The OECD BEPS Action 6 report contains a principal purpose test rule (PPT rule) for the purpose of combating abuse of tax treaties. This PPT rule is also included in the OECD Multilateral Instrument. The PPT rule is (amongst others) applicable when ‘it is reasonable to conclude’ that a benefit (granted by a tax treaty) was one of the principal purposes of any arrangement/ transaction. This requ...