This article presents and analyses injury incidence rates for amateur and professional racing jockeys in Ireland, France and Britain by means of a retrospective study and review of published data. Amateur jump racing was seen to have the highest fall risk in these three countries (between 115 and 140 falls/1000 rides). Jump racing also had the highest rates of injury/ride amongst both amateur a...

In a detailed comparison of matched samples of electronics establishments in Britain and France, this paper finds that the two samples of establishments were operating in distinctively different national labour markets for engineers and scientists, reflecting structural differences in national higher education systems and a far higher level of individual mobility between enterprises in Britain ...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate participation and performance trends regarding the nationality of successful solo swimmers in the 'English Channel Swim'. METHODS The nationality and swim times for all swimmers who successfully crossed the 33.8-km 'English Channel' from 1875 to 2013 were analysed. RESULTS Between 1875 and 2013, the number of successful female (571,...

«corporate social responsibility» is the term of 1990 extensively, with the liberation of the economy and a profound gap between the role of the social and economic, was created, emerged. the theory is, at first, be fitted; as effects alien before it aspect of the commercial enterprises, solely for economic activity for your maximum profit for attention of return and profit without cost, for it...

legal protection of industrial property rights is constituted as an important indicator for the development of societies. to enter into the sphere of law, there should be a legal sanction to protect the right against infringement which is also the case in the law of industrial property. regarding the main legal sanctions as a whole and the industrial property rights in particular, one can menti...

After World War II, four major colonizers in Africa – Britain, France, Portugal, and Belgium – chose different decolonization policies. Britain granted gradual independences and transferred their institutions to their colonies. British colonies, however, repealed the British-inspired institutions after independence except Botswana and Mauritius. France provided a choice between a continued asso...

Abstract We estimate the contribution of intergenerational transfers (inheritances and gifts) family background to wealth inequality in four OECD countries: France, Spain, Great Britain, USA. compare observed distribution with a non-parametric counterfactual where all differences associated are removed. Despite diversity countries analysed, we find similar patterns. The combined is sizeable cou...