BACKGROUND Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is a rare inflammatory, demyelinating disease that generally has a good prognosis. OBJECTIVE To describe the course of a patient with severe BBE and multiple medical complications. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT An 81-year-old woman with BBE who fully recovered. The patient had transient and very frequent ...

Since the outbreak of the enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in Malaysia in 1997, large epidemics of EV71 have occurred in the Asia-Pacific region. Many children and infants have died from serious neurological complications during these epidemics, and EV71 infection has become a serious public health problem in these areas. EV71 infection causes hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children, and...

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its variants are parainfectious (2/3 cases) neurological illness involving the lower motor neuron but they can also involve central nervous system (CNS). Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) Miller Fisher (MFS) two of GBS with CNS involvement. The present case series highlights variable presentation laboratory findings in BBE MFS, which may help clinicians ...

A patient with atypical medullary breast cancer is described who presented with symptoms of limbic encephalitis. The patient's serum and CSF contained antibodies that reacted with the nervous system and the tumour. These antibodies recognised Ma2, a neuronal protein related to paraneoplastic limbic and brainstem encephalitis in men with testicular tumours. This report highlights the importance ...

We present a unique case of a patient with anti–dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein 6 (DPPX) encephalitis in which severe pruritus was the cardinal symptom. Anti-DPPX encephalitis is caused by cell surface autoantigens to DPPX, a subunit of the Kv4.2 potassium channel. Most patients had a combination of limbic encephalitis, brainstem dysfunction, diarrhea, and weight loss. We describe a patient w...