We unify two approaches that have been taken to explain the non-Gaussian probability distribution functions (PDFs) obtained in measurements of longitudinal velocity differences in turbulence, and we apply our approach to Couette-Taylor turbulence data. The first approach we consider was developed by Castaing and co-workers, who obtained the non-Gaussian velocity difference PDF from a superposit...

Supplementary material for estimation of a parametric function associated with the lognormal distribution Jiangtao Gou and Ajit C. Tamhane Department of Statistics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, USA Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 6...

This paper examines the hypothesis that short run changes in tne U.S. size distribution of personal income have been systematically related to aggregate levels of output~ personal income~ and employment during the posh7ar period. Part one proposes a procedure for describing the size distribution of income. The observed distribution is approximated by a displaced lognormal distribution vmich cor...

By conventional wisdom, a feature that occurs too often or too rarely in a genome can indicate a functional element. To infer functionality from frequency, it is crucial to precisely characterize occurrences in randomly evolving DNA. We find that the frequency of oligonucleotides in a genomic sequence follows primarily a Pareto-lognormal distribution, which encapsulates lognormal and power-law ...

We analyze the temporal structure of long (T90 > 2sec) and short (T90 < 2sec) BATSE bursts. We find that: (i) In many short bursts δtmin/T ≪ 1 (where δtmin is the shortest pulse). This indicates that short bursts arise, like long ones, in internal shocks. (ii) In long bursts there is an excess of long intervals between pulses (relative to a lognormal distribution). This excess can be explained ...

The first laboratory confirmation of stochastic growth theory is reported. Floating potential fluctuations are measured in a vacuum arc centrifuge using a Langmuir probe. Statistical analysis of the energy density reveals a lognormal distribution over roughly 2 orders of magnitude, with a high-field nonlinear cutoff whose spatial dependence is consistent with the predicted eigenmode profile. Th...

The log-normal distribution is one of the most common distributions used for modeling skewed and positive data. In recent years, various methods for comparing the means of two independent log-normal distributions have been developed. In this paper a higher-order likelihoodbased method is proposed. The method is applied to two real-life examples and simulation studies are used compare the accura...

The results of R dynamical random surface model (2-dimensional quantum gravity with a R term) are applied to explain the personal income distribution. A scale invariance exists if there is not the R term in the action. The R term provides a typical scale and breaks the scale invariance explicitly in the low and middle income range. A new distribution, Weibull distribution, is deduced from the a...

Phase separation and coarsening is a phenomenon commonly seen in binary physical and chemical systems that occur in nature. Often, thermal fluctuations, modelled as stochastic noise, are present in the system and the phase segregation process occurs on a surface. In this work, the segregation process is modelled via the Cahn-Hilliard-Cook model, which is a fourth-order parabolic stochastic syst...

In describing the first-order properties of laser speckle under polarized illumination conditions, it is almost an article of faith that the contrast is unity. In many processing schemes, however, the contrast defined as the quotient of the standard deviation and the mean is calculated over a localized spatial region. In such cases, this local contrast displays a distribution of values that can...