To entice females to mate, male bowerbirds build elaborate displays (bowers). Among species, bowers range in complexity from simple arenas decorated with leaves to complex twig or grass structures decorated with myriad colored objects. To investigate the neural underpinnings of bower building, we examined the contribution of variation in volume estimates of whole brain (WB), telencephalon minus...

The strategies and traits males evolve to mate with females are incredible in their diversity. Theory on the evolution of secondary sexual characters suggests that evolving any costly trait or strategy will pay off and stabilise in the population if it is advantageous compared to the alternative less costly strategy, but quantifying the relative success of the two can be difficult. In Lake Mala...

This critical and careful study aimed to gather information on the common formulation(s) found in the following ancient medical texts: the Bower Manuscript (Bower Ms.), Charak Samhita (CS), Susruta Samhita (SS), Astangahrdayam Samhita (AHS) and Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI). We found that only one formulation, Kalyanaka ghrita, had the same formula in all the texts. Kalyanaka ghrita was pr...