Towed-body observations of mixing over the continental slope reveal the great lateral extent (several km) of continuously turbulent fluid within a few hundred meters of the boundary at 1600 m depth. The largest turbulent dissipation rates were observed over a 5 km horizontal region near a slope critical to the M2 internal tide. Averaged over a submarine landslide oriented perpendicularly to the...

In the deep Canada Basin, below the sill depth (about 2400 m) of the Alpha-Mendeleyev Ridge, potential temperature and salinity first increase with depth, then remain uniform from about 2600 m to the bottom (approximately 3500 m). Year-long moored measurements of temperature, salinity and pressure in these deep and homogeneous bottom waters reveal significant vertical excursions with periods of...

We present experimental results on continuously supplied and well developed gravity currents moving from horizontal to concave or constant-slope boundaries. Results show that the gravity current velocity is in continuous spatial development and approaches an equilibrium state velocity only when the slope change is small. Following closely the theory of Turner (1973) we derive a general equation...

The relative importance of facilitation and competition between pairwise plants across abiotic stress gradients as predicted by the stress-gradient hypothesis has been confirmed in arid and temperate ecosystems, but the hypothesis has rarely been tested in tropical systems, particularly across nutrient gradients. The current research examines the interactions between a pioneer shrub Rhodomyrtus...

Figure 2. Slope Streaks in the ADV; Left: digitate streaks, image width 220 m; Right: parallel streaks and effect of local topography at lower left; image width 260 m. Slope is 20-30, top to bottom. Slope streaks in the Antarctic Dry Valleys: Characteristics, candidate formation mechanisms, and implications for slope streak formation in the Martian environment J. W. Head, D. R. Marchant, J. L. ...

Hydraulic jumps formed in closed rectangular sloping conduits aree investigated experimentally. Both positive and negative slopes are considered. The results are analyzed in terms of the inlet Froude number, the bottom slope and the inflow depth ratio. The experiments are conducted in a laboratory flume. Nineteen models are tested. Ten model for positive slope and another ten models nine negati...

The transformation of waves is one of the important subjects in coastal engineering studies. Refraction, diffraction, shoaling, reflection can be analysed with the mild slope equation over mild sloped topographies. But the extended mild slope equation can be applied to the rapidly varying topographies since it includes higher order bottom effects such as square of bottom slope and bottom curvat...

In light of previous numerical studies demonstrating a strong sensitivity of the strength of thermohaline circulation to the representation of overflows in ocean general circulation models, the dynamics of bottom gravity currents are investigated using a two-dimensional, nonhydrostatic numerical model. The model explicitly resolves the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, the main mechanism of mixing ...

We studied theoretically and experimentally the transformation, attenuation, and setup due to shoaling and breaking of internal waves in a two-layer fluid system on a uniform slope. An image processing technique was used to illustrate 2D instantaneous displacements of density interface. These results were compared with the calculated values by using the method of characteristics, the simple sho...

Abstract The Antarctic Slope Current is guided by the topographic gradient of continental slope and creates a dynamical barrier between shelf open ocean. current's vertical structure varies around continent affecting cross‐slope water mass exchange with consequences for loss, ventilation deep ocean, carbon uptake. surface‐intensified in many regions but bottom‐intensified dense overflows. This ...