The vadose zone beneath the USDOE’s Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State (Fig. 1) received approximately 1 trillion liters (450 billion gallons) of liquid waste, some contaminated with radioactive and hazardous contaminants. Today, Hanford is engaged in the world’s largest environmentalcleanup project, and a variety of conceptual and mathematical vadose zone models have been developed ...

Formation elastic properties near a borehole may be altered from their original state due to the stress concentration around the borehole. This can lead to an incorrect estimation of formation elastic properties measured from sonic logs. Previous work has focused on estimating the elastic properties of the formation surrounding a borehole under anisotropic stress loading. We studied the effect ...

A scientific drilling expedition to the High Lake region of Nunavut, Canada, was recently completed with the goals of collecting samples and delineating gradients in salinity, gas composition, pH, pe, and microbial abundance in a 400 m thick permafrost zone and accessing the underlying pristine subpermafrost brine. With a triple-barrel wireline tool and the use of stringent quality assurance an...

A microbial community analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on borehole water and a granite rock core from Henderson Mine, a >1,000-meter-deep molybdenum mine near Empire, CO. Chemical analysis of borehole water at two separate depths (1,044 m and 1,004 m below the mine entrance) suggests that a sharp chemical gradient exists, likely from the mixing of two distinct subsurface fl...

Borehole waves are strongly affected by adjacent porous zones or by fractures intersecting the borehole. A theoretical description for both porous and fracture zones is possible based on the introduction of an effective borehole fluid bulk modulus, characterizing the wave attenuation via borehole wall impedance. This impedance can be calculated for both porous and fracture zones adjacent to the...

Characterization of fractured-bedrock aquifers is one of the most difficult problems in hydrogeology. Successful characterization of aquifers at the site scale requires the effective integration of the three basic tools at our disposal: 1) surface geophysical soundings provide full non-destructive coverage of the aquifer volume but are generally ambiguous in interpretation and fail to identify ...

Purpose: Water is very important to the existence of humans, though could also serve as vehicle of pathogenic organisms and dangerous organic and inorganic matters. The physicochemical and microbiological analysis of seven borehole water samples used by AkungbaAkoko residents were carried out with the aim of ascertaining their suitability or otherwise for human consumption. Methods: The total h...

The microbiology of subsurface, hydrothermally influenced basaltic crust flanking mid-ocean ridges has remained understudied, due to the difficulty in accessing the subsurface environment. The instrumented boreholes resulting from scientific ocean drilling offer access to samples of the formation fluids circulating through oceanic crust. We analyzed the phylogenetic diversity of bacterial commu...

Subsurface modeling from seismic and borehole data is important for reservoir prediction, geophysical exploration, and production. A reasonable model should honor borehole rock properties and conform to seismic structural and stratigraphic features. Such a subsurface model can be difficult to build in cases complicated by faults and unconformities. Automatic and semiautomatic methods have been ...

In this paper, we demonstrate three-dimensional estimation of target positions with borehole radar in single borehole. We developed array type borehole radar having four dipole antennas with optical modulators. Experiment at a model site was done using the developed radar system. In the site, one borehole, in which there is no fluid, and one cave exist. Receiving dipole antennas and a transmitt...