Bolus insulin calculators (BCs) became available in insulin pumps in 2002 and are being integrated into glucose meters and portable device applets for use with multiple daily injections. A retrospective analysis of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion data from the Actual Pump Practices (APP) study is used in this article to generate formulas for more precise BC settings. A well-designed BC...

The purpose of self-monitoring of blood glucose is to take action based on the results of the tests. The three actions that must be taken by insulin-using diabetes patients in response to blood glucose self-testing are, first, to record the blood glucose level, second, to calculate an appropriate dose of insulin, and, third, to administer the dose of insulin. A low-technology solution exists fo...

Since the early 2000s, there has been an exponentially increasing development of new diabetes-applied technology, such as continuous glucose monitoring, bolus calculators, and "smart" pumps, with the expectation of partially overcoming clinical inertia and low patient compliance. However, its long-term efficacy in glucose control has not been unequivocally proven. In this issue of Journal of Di...

In patients with type 1 diabetes, the effects of meals intake on blood glucose level are usually mitigated by administering a large amount of insulin (bolus) at mealtime or even slightly before. This strategy assumes, among other things, a prior knowledge of the meal size and the postprandial glucose dynamics. On the other hand, administering the meal bolus during or after mealtime could benefi...

BACKGROUND Patients consider multiple parameters in adjusting prandial insulin doses for optimal glycemic control. Difficulties in calculations can lead to incorrect doses or induce patients to administer fixed doses, rely on empirical estimates, or skip boluses. METHOD A multicenter study was conducted with 205 diabetes subjects who were on multiple daily injections of rapid/ short-acting in...

BACKGROUND Many patients do not intensify their insulin regimens. It is believed that lack of adherence may be largely due to fear of hypoglycemia. We hypothesized that utilization of an automated bolus calculator (bolus advisor) might reduce fear of hypoglycemia and encourage patients to achieve improved glycemic control. METHOD We surveyed 1,412 type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients trea...