The complete nucleotide sequence of beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNA-1 is presented. The R N A molecule is 6746 nucleotides long excluding the poly(A) tail and has one long open reading f lame encoding a polypeptide of M r 237 389. The 3' terminal 60 residues of BNYVV RNA-1 display extensive sequence homology with the corresponding portions of BNYVV RNA-2, -3 and -4. Addi t ional 3' terminal...

The RNA3-encoded p25 protein of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is responsible for the production of rhizomania symptoms of sugar beet roots (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). Here, it was found that the presence of the p25 protein is also associated with the resistance response in rub-inoculated leaves of sugar beet and wild beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima) plants. The resistance phe...

rhizomania is one of the most important sugar beet diseases in iran and some other parts of the world. in this study, the infection rate of the most important weeds of sugar beet fields under natural condition  to the causal agent of the bnyvv (beet necrotic yellow vein virus) disease  was investigated at fars agricultural research center , iran. roots were collected from the infected weeds and...

Background: Polymyxa betae is the vector of several soil-borne viruses of sugarbeet (Abe and Tamada 1986, Liu and Lewellen 2008, Wisler et al. 1994, Kaufmann et al. 1992), including Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), the cause of rhizomania (Tamada and Baba 1973). BNYVV is transmitted by zoospores of this fungus-related microorganism that swim in water films and infect feeder roots of sug...

During infection, Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) particles localize transiently to the cytosolic surfaces of mitochondria. To understand the molecular basis and significance of this localization, we analyzed the targeting and membrane insertion properties of the viral proteins. ORF1 of BNYVV RNA-2 encodes the 21-kDa major coat protein, while ORF2 codes for a 75-kDa minor coat protein (...

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that play important roles in plant development, defense, and symptom development. Here, 547 known miRNAs representing 129 miRNA families, and 282 potential novel miRNAs were identified in Beta macrocarpa using small RNA deep sequencing. A phylogenetic analysis was performed, and 8 Beta lineage-specific miRNAs were identified. Through a dif...

BACKGROUND Rhizomania is one of the most devastating diseases of sugar beet. It is caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) transmitted by the obligate root-infecting parasite Polymyxa betae. Beta macrocarpa, a wild beet species widely used as a systemic host in the laboratory, can be rub-inoculated with BNYVV to avoid variation associated with the presence of the vector P. betae. To b...

Rhizomania is a viral disease, caused by beet necrotic yellow vein furovirus (BNYVV), which was detected in Spanish sugar beets in 1988, it being focused on the Castilla y León region. BNYVV has five RNA fragments with specific functions, and the different composition and proportion of RNA in the virions allow their separation and the characterization of their activities during the development ...

The genome of BNYVV consists of 4 to 5 single-stranded, RNA particles. RNA 1 and 2 encode the essential elements for virus replication, protein encapsidation, and cellular translocation, whereas RNA 3, 4, and 5 are involved in disease expression and vector transmission. Despite its multi-partite genome, and the potential of mixed infections with BSBMV, high genetic stability seems to be the nor...