Adrenal vein sampling is the gold standard for identification of surgically curable primary aldosteronism, but its accuracy might be hindered by blood dilution from accessory vein blood. We prospectively investigated the presence of accessory veins draining into adrenal veins and their effect on the selectivity index (SI) in 74 consecutive patients undergoing adrenal vein sampling. On the right...

The ultrasonic treatment of varicose veins uses high-intensity focused ultrasound, in which a blood vessel is contracted by converting acoustic energy into thermal energy. In this study, we propose a phantom of varicose veins that can be applied for the efficient evaluation of ultrasonic treatment in varicose veins. The proposed phantom consisted of glycerol base tissue equivalent material, ves...

Deep venous thrombosis or DVT is a blood clot formation in one or more of the deep veins. The blood clot does not break down and therefore, it can become larger and occlude the blood flow within the affected vein. The most frequent sites are the leg veins (femoral and popliteal) and the deep pelvic veins. Rarely, the arm veins are affected (Paget-Schrötter disease). Pulmonary embolism (PE) is t...

Oxygen levels (tension, saturation, and content) in blood from varicose leg veins were found to be significantly lower than those in blood from normal leg veins at the same site on the limb under the same laboratory conditions. Treatment with hydroxyethylrutosides significantly increased the oxygen levels in blood from varicose veins, and this was associated with an improvement in leg symptoms ...

The mechanism by which myocardial blood flow varies in response to metabolic demand is obscure. One hypothesis is a countercurrent regulation of arterial caliber by diffusible substances carried in venous blood. To study the anatomic basis for blood flow regulation, we performed combined arterial and venous injections in 20 human hearts and studied left ventricular intramyocardial vessels with ...

Three sets of vessels comprise the circulatory system: arteries, lymphatics, and veins. Arteries bring oxygencarrying blood from the heart to the tissues. In the normal course of blood circulation, small amounts of fluid and protein leak from arteries and veins. Lymphatic vessels bring this protein-rich fluid back into the circulation. The third type of blood vessel is the vein. Veins bring oxy...

To characterize the total retinal blood flow determined by laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) of healthy subjects.This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Nagoya University Hospital. One hundred fifteen right eyes of 115 healthy subjects (mean age: 39.4 ± 16.1 years) were studied. The total blood flow in the retinal arteries and veins around the optic nerve head was measured sep...

The circulatory system is made up of the heart and blood vessels. There are 3 major types of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and lymphatics. The heart is the pumping organ and helps to push oxygenand nutrient-rich blood through the arteries to the organs and the limbs. The veins return blood from the organs and limbs to the heart so that it can be resupplied with oxygen from the lungs. The lymp...

OBJECTIVE Establish whether hemolysis in samples collected from intravenous lines is influenced by catheterization site. METHODS Blood was collected from all patients (67 total) admitted to the emergency department the same morning, through a 20-gauge catheter placed in a vein of the upper limb directly into an evacuated blood tube. Serum was tested for hemolysis index by multi-wavelength pho...

Varicose veins are usually a sign of a benign disease, however with progression of the disease and advanced age, they can lead to serious clinical problem. Beside chronic venous insufficiency, superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) represents one of the most frequent complications which can complicate with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism. Classical risk factors for SVT are simi...