Jenkins, S.A., Shields, R., Jaser, N., Ellenbogen, S., Makin, C., Naylor, E., Newstead, M., Baxter, J.N. (1991) The Management of gastrointestinal haemorrhage by somatostatin after apparently successful endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for bleeding oesophageal varices. Journal of Hepatology; 12: 296-301. Twenty-two patients who experienced a severe haemorrhage from either oesophagitis (n 8) o...

Abstract Background Lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAHPS) is characterized by bleeding and thrombosis in patients with autoimmune diseases or infections. Paediatric LAHPS exhibits various degrees of bleeding, ranging from mild to severe; however, adrenal haemorrhage due its long-term clinical course have not been sufficiently described. Case presentation A 9-year-old boy pres...

Bleeding diathesis is a recognised complication of amyloid disease. Localised and generalised bleeding manifestations are usually associated with intravascular coagulopathy related to isolated or multiple coagulation factor deficiencies. Recently, there have been reports of haemorrhage due to amyloid deposition in blood vessel walls and in the perivascular region leading to increased fragility ...

FORUM The National Committee for Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths (NCCEMD), which since 1998 has produced triennial reports of maternal deaths in South Africa, has identified the increasing rate of haemorrhage during and after caesarean section (CS) as a problem. Obstetric haemorrhage is the third most common cause of maternal death, accounting for 491 of the total 3 959 deaths in 20...

Serious bleeding from a ruptured adrenal mass limits preoperative diagnostics and can necessitate urgent laparotomy to control blood loss. A 45-year old man underwent an emergency laparotomy due to severe retroperitoneal haemorrhage causing hypovolaemia. Detailed retroperitoneal dissection after splenectomy and clamping of the abdominal aorta revealed bleeding from a ruptured haemangioma of the...

Spontaneous perirenal and subcapsular haemorrhage is a rare but important clinical condition and is often diagnostically very challenging. The appropriate treatment of these patients is based on making a fast and correct diagnosis of subcapsular and perirenal haemorrhage. Clinical symptoms are often non-specific and misleading and the radiological methods, based on ultrasound (US) and CT imagin...

Twelve successive patients with massive haemoptysis were treated by emergency rigid bronchoscopy and lavage of the bleeding lung with cold saline. All patients stopped bleeding during the procedure and all blood and clot was evacuated from the accessible airways. The bleeding source was localised to a lobe in seven cases, and lateralised in the remaining five patients. Five patients had a secon...

upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Cotton et all have shown that in nearly 80% of cases the cause of the bleeding can be shown if endoscopy is done within the first 48 hours. In a few patients, however, neither conventional radiological studies nor endoscopy shows the site of bleeding.'-3 Submucosal vascular malformations of the stomach may produce massive upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage,4 5 a...

Oral anticoagulation (OAC) is recommended for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF)whoareat riskof stroke. TheCHA2DS2-VASc score, which encompassed a group of common co-morbidities for cardiovascular disease, has been validated to risk stratify patients with AF for OAC treatment. –3 Nevertheless, reports have shown that the conventional OAC–vitamin K antagonist (VKA) has been overtly underused...