Bismuth&d platinum electrodes were investigated as pH indicating electrodes in strong KOH solutions (pH 14-16). The E-pH curve of freshly prepared bismuth electrodes is linear, but the E-pH slope altered with time. It is shown that the slope is constant if the bismuth electrode has been aged via immersion in a concentrated KOH solution. The value of the E-pH slope depends on the KOH concentrati...

PURPOSE To compare the dose and image quality of three methods for reducing the radiation dose to the eye at head computed tomography (CT): bismuth shielding, organ-based tube current modulation (TCM), and global reduction of the tube current. MATERIALS AND METHODS An anthropomorphic head phantom was scanned under six conditions: (a) without any dose reduction techniques (reference scanning);...

Conductivity and thermopower measurements of artificial three dimensional bismuth crystals are presented. Due to the size dependent band gap of bismuth, electron transport in the bismuth crystals is a combination of both metallic and hopping conduction. The conductivity and thermopower due to the hopping pathways alone can be extracted through a comparison of the properties of the artificial bi...

In this article, a study of novel screen-printed electrodes bulk-modified with five potential bismuth precursor compounds (bismuth citrate, bismuth titanate, bismuth oxide, bismuth aluminate and bismuth zirconate) is presented for the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by anodic stripping voltammetry. During the electrolytic deposition step, the precursor was reduced and served as the source of...

a novel optical sensor has been proposed for sensitive determination of bismuth ion basedon immobilization of 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-1-naphthol on a triacetylcellulose membrane.chemical binding of bismuth ions in solution with a 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)-1-naphtholimmobilized on the triacetylcelluse surface could be monitored spectrophotometrically. theoptode shows excellent response over wide concent...

We report the fabrication of thermoelectric bismuth teUuride nanowires using the template synthesis method. A simple electrodeposition procedure was used to produce the nanowires within the pores of an alumina filtration membrane. The resulting bismuth telluride/alumina composite membranes constitute an array of thermoelectric nanowires surrounded by a thermally and electrically insulating matr...

This review covers uses of bismuth catalysts since 2005 with a special emphasis on the emerging applications of such catalysts. Low toxicity, low catalytic loading, synergistic effects with other catalysts, and some hydrocompatibility properties confer to bismuth salts major advantages. The expanding activity in the field clearly highlights the growing potential of bismuth catalysts. The articl...

Consumption and production of bismuth compounds are increasing, however, little information on the toxic effects and effective methods in removal of bismuth compounds are available. Although bismuth intoxication is currently rare, a careful evaluation should be carried out for possible exposure. We reported a16-year-old female who developed acute kidney failure, tonsillar ulceration and posteri...