Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease caused by damage to the myelin of the nerve cells in the spinal cord and brain, MS was classified into 4 types including: Relasping/remitting (RR) primary/progressive (PP), secondary/progressive (SP), progressive/relapsing (PR). PR MS is one of the severe forms of MS that lead to inflammation associated physical, mental and vision dysfunction. Because...

Human biotin requirements are unknown and the identification of reliable markers of biotin status is necessary to fill this knowledge gap. Here, we used an outpatient feeding protocol to create states of biotin deficiency, sufficiency and supplementation in sixteen healthy men and women. A total of twenty possible markers of biotin status were assessed, including the abundance of biotinylated c...

Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that functions as a prosthetic group in carboxylation reactions. In addition to its role as a cofactor, biotin has multiple roles in gene regulation. We analyzed biotin effects on gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and demonstrated by microarray, Northern, and Western analyses that all yeast genes encoding proteins involved in biotin metaboli...

We studied the uptake of biotin into human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using [3H]biotin and studied the catabolism of biotin in PBMC using [14C]biotin. Over 30 min, [3H]biotin uptake was greater at 37°C than at 25°C ( K T = 2.6 ± 0.4 nM, maximal velocity = 2.9 ± 0.2 fmol ⋅ 106cells-1 ⋅ 30 min-1). Ouabain reduced [3H]biotin uptake to 65% of control values, suggesting that biotin up...

introduction biotinidase deficiency is a life threatening inborn error of metabolism specially when delayed in diagnosis. we report a 2-month-old male infant that presented with refractory infantile spasm, alopecia and seborrheic dermatitis. with a high suspicion of the biotinidase deficiency we started biotin 10 mg daily orally before definite diagnosis was made. rapid treatment was life-savin...

Biotin deficiency is associated with fetal malformations and activation of cell survival pathways in mammals. In this study we determined whether biotin status affects life span, stress resistance, and fertility in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Male and female flies of the Canton-S strain had free access to diets containing 6.0 (control), 4.8, 2.5, or 0 pmol biotin/100 mg. Biotin conce...

Biotin (vitamin B7) is a water-soluble vitamin used as co-enzyme for carboxylases essential human metabolism. The high affinity to streptavidin makes biotin an important substance in immunoassays. Excessive intake due over-the counter supplements has become problematic because of the effects on laboratory test results. There have been no reports biotin-induced thyroid immunoassay interference K...

Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that functions as a cofactor for biotin-dependent carboxylases. The biochemical and physiological roles of biotin in brain regions have not yet been investigated sufficiently in vivo. Thus, in order to clarify the function of biotin in the brain, we herein examined biotin contents, biotinylated protein expression (e.g. holocarboxylases), and biotin-related gene...

We describe a 3-year-old boy with biotin dependency not caused by biotinidase, holocarboxylase synthetase, or nutritional biotin deficiency. We sought to define the mechanism of his biotin dependency. The child became acutely encephalopathic at age 18 months. Urinary organic acids indicated deficiency of several biotin-dependent carboxylases. Symptoms improved rapidly following biotin supplemen...