A profound faunal reorganization occurred near the Paleocene/Eocene boundary, when several groups of mammals abruptly appeared on the Holarctic continents. To test the hypothesis that this event featured the dispersal of groups from Asia to North America and Europe, we used isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and quantitative biochronology to constrain the relative age of important Asian...

Horacek et al. (2021) commented on our publication arguing that we used an incorrect biochronology to define the Permian-Triassic (PT) boundary and this inaccurate definition resulted in erroneous interpretation of oxygen isotope record studied Chanakhchi (former Sovestashen) section. Their comment gives us opportunity discuss depth identification PT address some flawed arguments

The recently recognized aetosaur Tecovasuchus chatterjeei Martz and Small occurs at several localities in lower Chinle Group strata across Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. Based on lithostratigraphic correlation and other vertebrate occurrences, all Tecovasuchus occurrences are of Adamanian age. Indeed, all occurrences are consistent with assignment to the St. Johnsian sub-land vertebrate faunac...

Alroy (1998) argued that there is significant diachrony in the first and last appearance events (FAE and LAE) of Cenozoic mammals in North America, and therefore individual events cannot be used for biochronology. A close examination of the data used in his paper, however, suggests that (1) most of the diachrony is largely a sampling artifact, and (2) once sampling is factored out, the remainin...

Triassic tetrapod tracks have long been studied, including classic ichnofaunas such as those of the lower Newark Supergroup of eastern North America and the Bundsandstein of central Europe. They are known from all seven continents and encompass five archetypal vertebrate ichnofacies for nonmarine environments (Chelichnus, Grallator, Batrachichnus, Brontopodus, Characichnos), all of which are pr...

—Spectral algorithms have been shown to work well in a wide range of situations that involve the task of ordering. When applied to the localities of a set of European Neogene land mammal taxa, spectral ordering relies almost entirely on the most common genera, depends on connectivity more than on length of taxon lists, and is robust to noise from rarer and less connected taxa. The spectral coef...