Microneedles, 0.2 mm o.d., were connected to a microsyringe and mounted on a micromanipulator. Under microscopic control, 0.01 ml of a 25% solution of FITC-labeled dextran-40 or dextran-150 were injected into the subepidermis at the big toe near the nailfold or in the medial ankle region. Fluorescence intravital microscopy revealed a network of lymphatic microvessels. The comparison with recent...

One hundred and seventy feet have been reviewed after operations for hallux valgus; eighty-five had had arthrodesis of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint and eighty-five had had Keller's operation. Footprints were made in order to assess the patterns of weight-bearing on the big toe and on the lesser metatarsal heads. After arthodesis the big toe bore weight in 80 per cent compared with 40 pe...

Reports that describe abnormalities of the muscles and tendons of the leg and foot are important with regard to understanding the function of the lower limb and correlating these abnormalities with the clinical aspects. Variations in the insertion of the extensor hallucis longus muscle were studied in 60 adult human cadavers. Three different patterns of insertion were noticed. Pattern I (65%): ...

BACKGROUND We investigated the prevalence of hallux valgus (HV) and examined its association with various factors in a cross-sectional study of Japanese female university students. METHODS A questionnaire survey of foot symptoms, lifestyle, and body mass index (BMI) was administered to 343 women who provided informed consent at a women's university. Footprints were obtained and bone density w...

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy and early stages of autonomic bladder dysfunction in type 2 diabetic women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 137 diabetic women with minimal coexisting confounders of voiding dysfunction followed at a diabetes clinic were subject to the following evaluations: current perception threshold (CPT) tests on myel...

In this paper, the role of the human being toe is investigated. The change of the sole pressure distribution using a sole pressure distribution measurement system and that of the toe pressure using a toe pressure measurement system at walk by the existence of a toe are investigated. In order to investigate the change of the whole walking, the affection of a walk posture using a 3D motion captur...

This study of paediatric intensive care patients aimed to determine where pulse oximetry probes shouid be placed to obtain the most accurate and reliable readings of peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2). Using arterial blood gas analysis (SaO2) as the gold standard and SpO2 92% and SaO2 < 90% as indicators of hypoxaemia, negative predictive values of SpO2 were 96%, 98% and 98% at the ear, thumb ...

Soft tissue defects of the great toe that include exposed tendon and bone present a reconstructive challenge for plastic surgeons. A distally based dorsalis pedis island flap based on the first dorsal metatarsal artery, which has been successfully used to cover the soft tissue defect following wide excision of melanoma of the big toe, is reported.