Benzalkonium bromides (BAK) are an important class of cationic surfactants with both industrial and commercial uses. They are used as preservatives for ophthalmic, nasal and parenteral products and they are also used as a topical antiseptic and medical equipment disinfectant. In this work a universal method for the preparation of these compounds is described. Using quaternization of N,N-dimethy...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine whether betamethasone (BM) reduces the cochlear toxicity of otic gentamicin (GM) if given together. STUDY DESIGN Controlled animal study. METHODS Thirty-four mice were assigned at random to receive intratympanic injections of either 0.1 % BM (11 mice), 0.3% GM (13 mice), or a combination of both (GM/BM) with benzalkonium chloride (10 mice) in the left ear ...

Benzalkonium salts are widely used as disinfectants, biocides and detergents,among a variety of other applications. The cationic surface-activity of these salts determines their potential to act as a biocide on both target and non-target organisms. In this study, a quick synthesis of a complete set of the benzalkonium salts differing in the length of an alkylating chain (from C(2) to C(20)) is ...

A method for the analysis of trace-level benzalkonium chloride has been established using flow injection ionspray mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring. Quantification was carried out using an external standard based on peak area summation of each benzalkonium ion (C8, C10, C12, C14, C16 and C18) in the mass spectra. The multiple reaction monitoring technique pro...

The challenge in preparation of ionic liquids containing a strong alkaline anion is to identify a suitable cation which can tolerate the harsh conditions induced by the anion. In this study, a commercial quaternary ammonium compound (quat) benzalkonium [ADBA] (alkyldimethylbenzylammonium) was used as a cation in the synthesis of different alkaline ionic liquids. In fact, the precursor, benzalko...

Isotonic, neutral buffered solutions of benzalkonium chloride or chlorhexidine digluconate were applied topically to one eye of rabbits or human subjects. Contralateral control eyes received phosphate buffered saline as placebo. One-half hour later, the tear film of both eyes was loaded with nonpreserved sodium fluorescein. Anterior chamber fluorescence levels were measured at 1 hr intervals to...

conclusions bacterial resistance against quaternary ammonium compounds is increasing which can increase the bacterial biofilm formation. results the means of strains growth increase after the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) were significant in all the bacteria (except for e. coli in 1/32 and s. agalactiae in of 1/8 mic). biofilm formation increased with decrease of antiseptics concentrat...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of a putative small multidrug resistance transporter, annotated in Enterococcus faecalis V583 genome as EFA0010 (we will refer to this gene as qacZ), in decreased susceptibility to biocides. METHODS A derivative strain of V583, susceptible to erythromycin (V583ErmS), was complemented with pORI23 carrying the qacZ gene (strain EF-SAVE1). MICs of benzalkonium ...