European beech forests growing on marginal calcareous soils have been proposed to be vulnerable to decreased soil water availability. This could result in a large-scale loss of ecological services and economical value in a changing climate. In order to evaluate the potential consequences of this drought-sensitivity, we investigated potential species range shifts for European beech forests on ca...

In this research scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Eastern beech (Fagus orientelis L.), oak (Quercus petraea L.) samples have been covered with polyurethane, acrylic, cellulosic varnish. In order to determine the physical changes which occurred on varnish layers caused by steam and wet heat, the samples were exposed to TS 4982 EN 12721 wet heat and TS EN 438-2 steam. According the results, the...

We set up a free-air ozone (O(3)) exposure system for determining the photosynthetic responses of Siebold's beech (Fagus crenata) and oak (Quercus mongolica var. crispula) to O(3) under field conditions. Ten-year-old saplings of beech and oak were exposed to an elevated O(3) concentration (60 nmol mol(-1)) during daytime from 6 August to 11 November 2011. Ozone significantly reduced the net pho...

Scientists are currently debating the effects of mixing tree species for the complementary resource acquisition in forest ecosystems. In four unmanaged old-growth spruce-beech forests in strict nature reserves in southern Sweden and northern Germany we assessed forest structure and fine rooting profiles and traits (≤2 mm) by fine root sampling and the analysis of fine root morphology and biomas...

Fire occurs relatively frequently in beech (Nothofagus) forest in drought prone eastern areas of the South Island, New Zealand. Because beech is poorly adapted to fire, and is slow to regenerate, forest is normally replaced by scrub or grassland. Seeding was investigated as a means of restoring mountain beech (N. solandri var. cliffortioides) forest after fire destroyed 300 ha of forest at Mt. ...

This study evaluates the edgewise bending moment capacity of the four most frequently used middle joints in the upholstered furniture frames. The research included the following joints: Mortise and Tenon, double Dowel, Corner Blocks and double Gusset Plates, designed in the form of middle joints and made of beech and poplar solid wood. The test results indicated that regarding the edgewise bend...

American beech gaps in the southern Appalachian mountains are currently threatened by an insect-mediated disease complex known as beech bark disease. Cryptococcus fagisuga Lindinger, or beech scale, a major component of beech bark disease, wounds trees through feeding on vascular tissue through the outer cambium. This feeding method leaves numerous wounds and provides entryways for infection by...

The population structure of red beech (Nothofagus fusclI) is described for four forest stands situated at different altitudes on 1\.louot Colenso. Data cn red beech seedling densities and frequency distributions of living and dead tree dir:.meters (d.b.h.) arc presented. Red beech seedlings are shown to be more numerous, and on average larger, en decaying red beech logs than elsewhere. This see...

Fallow deer did not prefer either of the two main canopy species (silver beech, Nothofagus menziesii, and radiata pine, Pinus radiata), or any of the common indigenous shrubs, ferns, herbs and monocotyledons in three habitat types (beech, shrub-hardwood, and exotic forest). They did prefer all the common sub canopy tree species, and these comprised the bulk of diet in all habitats. Broadleaf (G...

Forest containing rata (Metrosideros umbellata) and kamahi (Weinmannia racemosa), with scattered trees of silver beech (Nothofagus menziesii), was sampled on Cedar Hill, Owaka Valley, Catlins Ecological Region. Diameter frequency distributions, age estimates, and basal area measurements show single cohort establishment of rata and kamahi, whereas three establishment phases of silver beech are e...